of national seclusion, with little contact with foreigners, a major turning point occurred in Yokohama, when Matthew Perry arrived just south of Yokohama with a fleet of American warships, demanding the trading ports be opened for commerce. The shogunate then agreed by signing the Treaty of Peace and Amity. It quickly grew and became the base of foreign trade in Japan, with foreigners initially occupying the lower district of Kannai, then expanding to the Yamate district, referred to by English…