Review: Alterations in the Gut Microbiome caused by Consumption of Non-Digestible Carbohydrates Counteractive Effects on Diet-Induced-Obesity For the first time in human, the number of fatalities related to obesity outnumber those caused by malnutrition (World Health Organization [WHO] 2015). This troubling fact is followed by a second, equally concerning one, that being, for the first time in United States’s history, the next generation is predicted to have a shorter life expectancy than the…
corynebacteria, and 1010 found in the mouth, primarily, streptococci, lactobacilli.1 But the majority of the bacteria, more than 400 species are found in the gut with approximately 1014, composed primarily of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes, and in smaller amounts, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Cyanobacteria. Gut microflora are essential in digestion, vitamin production and immunity.2 Classifying these microbiota is imperative as it allows the interpretation of…
Bifidobacterium bifidum is one of the most commonly probiotic bacterium found in the body of mammals. This popularity of this pathogen is probably due to its digestion aiding abilities. Bifidobacterium bifidum is rod shaped and commonly found in the intestines of mammals, including humans. The pathogen is beneficial to the body and can be found in intestines mainly but also, breast milk and the vaginal area. The amount of Bifidobacterium Bifidum in your system can be increased by taking certain…
Probiotics are live organisms that confer a health benefit on the host when administered. The live organism to function in the gut needs to surpass the gastric juices and bile exposure the gastrointestinal (GI). It must thrive and multiply in the digestive tract, be safe, effective and maintain its potency for is shelf life to function. Many probiotic products come in yogurt, fermented milk, powder/capsule, or beverages. Different strains of micro-organisms are used for various functions such…
however, those cells are outnumbered by microbes. Microbes are microorganisms that have been perceived as invaders, and humans have created many methods to reduce encountering them. However, microbes are almost everywhere and mostly found in the human gut. Microbes range from fungi, protozoa, bacteria to even viruses. Some of those microbes live outside the body, majority inside. The genes for the microbes outnumbers the genes of cells by far. The genetic material for the microbes is referred as…
100 Days of Horror with Bordetella Pertussis by Isabella Theamaree Fortun Bordetella pertussis is a fimbriated Gram-negative, pleomorphic, aerobic coccobacillus. It also has a surface associated microcapsule however the role of this is unknown. Bordetella species, in general, grow best at 35° to 37° C. 1 Their growth is fastidious, and this degree of fastidiousness is inversely proportional to its rate of growth.1 Among all Bordetella species, Bordetella pertussis is the most…
Gut Instinct, a magazine article written by Jop De Vrieze, follows the unique work of Jeff Leach, an anthropologist studying the gut microbes of a tribe in Africa. Leach’s work in gut microbes began when his daughter developed type 1 diabetes at age two. Leach researched all the possible explanations for why his daughter was struck with such a life changing disease at such a young age, and his conclusion was clear: by being delivered through a cesarean section, his daughter did not come in…
groups, Bifidobacterium/FOS and Lactobacillus/FOS. Results from previous studies have shown that an easily accessed, preferred substrate increases the viability of the probiotic.51 In order for all the rats to begin the experiment with a “sterile” gut, they could have been given a round of antibiotics beforehand. Also, although LAC is not significantly higher in this study, it is trending higher. Therefore, it is possible that with a higher n, the result may have become significant. The…
Critically discuss the emerging role of the gut microbiota in metabolic health Summary: The connection between gut microbiota, obesity-related disorders and inflammation have been increasingly recognized and understanding the composition of gut microbiota may play a potential role in preventing and/or treating metabolic health. Both in animal and human studies had recognized an alteration of microbiota composition leading to the development of obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes. With new…
Background & Introduction Allergy is an IgE mediated inflammation of the mucosa or skin after exposure to allergenic substances in susceptible individuals. It is estimated to have 150 million sufferers in Europe which makes it the most common chronic disease [1]. In addition to various environmental factors, a myriad of different cells, genes and specific markers and cytokines have been proposed to play role in the pathology of allergic diseases. Understanding the underlying etiology and…