Granger causality

This essay analyzes how Nietzsche’s and Epictetus’s work can be used to form a philosophical anecdote for the irrational rule of reasoning known as awfulizing. Awfulizing can be defined as perceiving a situation to be as bad as it possibly could be. Awfulizing can occur when a person begins to look at aspects of life in a negative way, which is considered an irrational way of thinking about a situation. For instance, when a friend or family member dies, theft, illness, injury, financial issues,…

Conflicts Between Freedom and Determinism According to Ted Sider and Earl Conee, the apparent fact that conflicts with the existence of freedom of the will is that every event has a cause. This apparent fact is also known as determinism. To see why determinism conflicts with free will, the concept of cause and effect must be examined. A cause is an event that makes a later event happen and once that event happens it must take place due to the laws of nature. With the belief that determinism…

Response to Conflict Disputes occur more often than thought. Although many are simply overcome, most aren’t. For this reason, there are many ways to go about the issue, sadly not all will result in a satisfactory way. Controversially, we could avoid the problem, but steering clear of the dilemma may not always be the best option. Then what is the most successful way to approach a problem? Remaining positive is the best way to solve a conflict. In fact, there are many examples in…

Many students suppress they’re in an achievement gap until they are too far behind. Falling behind can be easy but noticing and getting out isn’t so easy, but it’s not impossible. If students fall into an achievement gap they become unable and unwilling to continue their education and degree. Students can gain help from teachers and other students when they don’t feel confident enough in completing their degree. I was lucky enough to realize I was falling behind before I got too far into my…

The 3rd Reflective Essay Amr Eid Radwan Are we free? - Exploration of Will by Exploiting D’Holbach’s Arguments - P eople always want to believe that they are free. But is this the truth? Are we the ones who determine their fates? Are there any external factors that cause our actions? These questions can be taken philosophically and psychologically, but in this essay, we will focus only on the…

St. Thomas Aquinas, a philosopher and theologian, offers a cosmological argument defending the existence of God that can be understood first on the basis of dependent and independent beings. A dependent being is one that has a contingent existence. In other words, it could have failed to exist because its existence is brought about by another being. The reason for a dependent being’s existence resides in something else. An independent being, however, has a necessary existence that could not fail…

The reconciliation of moral responsibility and freewill allows us to understand how having freewill forces humans to believe that their behaviors and doings are morally responsible because their actions are caused naturally and or are determined. The question here is what is free will? Historically speaking, it is the action of acting freely; meaning everything is done causally due to the person. Free will and moral responsibility go hand in hand, but the issue is can a person really be in…

James W. Lichtenberg says “There are two views on human behaviour… either human behaviour is caused from without or it is caused from within” ( Throughout history free will has been debated by average people, Christians, non Christians and philosophers. There are conflicting views on the matter of free will some say free will does not exist because our life has been predetermined while others believe free will does exist and we are able to be in control over our decisions and actions. There is…

We all engage in leisure activities whether through intrinsic or extrinsic motivation we partake in the activity with some goal or end behind it all. Our perceived notions of something being a freedom of choice or not influences how we view an activity or leisure time. According to Russell (2017) Neulinger’s Paradigm consist of one’s state of mind which can be split up into two category; perceived freedom and perceived constraint. Under perceived freedom are the intrinsic and extrinsic matters…

Will Abrahamson 11/30/17 Phil: 1153 Machines and Free Will Thesis: I believe that machines have free will. The definition of free will I am going to use for this paper comes from Thomas Hobbes. It basically states that; they’re being nothing preventing us from doing what we want to do . In the case of this definition, we are not the cause of free will, there is no obstacle in our way is. This view is called “compatiblism” according to the Stanford Enclyopedia of Philosophy and Hobbes…