Galactose

In this case, we added the lactase solution (independent variable) to milk. The dependent variable of this experiment was milk. In this case, the amount of glucose produced in the milk (dependent variable) was measured. The constants of this experiment were the amounts of liquids (10 mL of milk and 1 mL of lactase), time to break down before testing (6 minutes), temperature, and type of container (test tube). The purpose of the experiment was to test the effect of the enzyme lactase on the milk solution. Because milk contains lactose (broken down by lactase to produce glucose and galactose), the purpose of this experiment was to test if milk contained glucose with the enzyme lactase. The milk was also tested by itself to see if glucose was present without lactase. If the lactase (independent variable) is added to the milk, then glucose will be present in the milk because the substrate (lactose in milk) matches the active site of the enzyme lactase and can therefore be broken down into glucose and…

Assignment 2: Galactose Operon of E. coli FS 8404 Professor Mustapha Of some 4,000 genes in Escherichia coli (E. coli), only a handful are expressed at a time1. This regulation in gene expression helps cells function more efficiently. To provide the cell with energy, glucose is the most highly desired source. However, in the absence of glucose and the presence of other sugars, operons regulate gene expression to code for enzymes that can help utilize the sugar as energy in the cell1. Galactose…

process galactose within their liver. This can be fatal as rising levels of galactose within the body can be very toxic. Even individuals who survive the high level of galactose would obtain neurological damage. This disease has several variations, however, this particular manifestation is the result of gene that encode for galatctose 1-phosphate. Treatment for this disease would usually require early detection or immediate care to prevent any further damage. The some damages cause by Type 1…

aldehyde group which allows them to become hemiacetale and hemiketals (Gropper, 65). Glucose and galactose are both reducing sugars. In glucose-galactose malabsorption, the patients are not able to properly absorb these monosaccharaides, leading to an excess amount of glucose and galactose in the digestive track. 2. These patients are lacking the monosaccharide transport protein SGLT1 (Gropper, 70). SGLT1 is a transporter resting in the apical membrane of the brush boarder of the small…

triggered by missing or non-functioning galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) (Berry, 2012). GALT deficiency results in a disorder known as galactosemia, which happens in three forms including classic galactosemia, clinical variant galactosemia and biochemical variant galactosemia. Classic galactosemia, characterized by mutation Q188R, is associated with reduced or absence of GALT enzyme activity. It is the most common and severe form of galactosemia. Patients with S135L mutation are…

Sucrose, also known as table sugar, is a combination of glucose and fructose. Lactose, made from glucose and galactose, is found in milk and other dairy products. Maltose is found in barley and composed of two glucose molecules. Disaccharides combine to make small chains of sugars known as oligosaccharides. Monosaccharides, disaccharides, and oligosaccharides associate together and form long chains of repeating units called polysaccharides which are the most predominant form of carbohydrates.…

Denotation • Galactosemia is a rare metabolic disorder at birth that changes how the body processes the sugar galactose and/or lactose. • The body cannot convert certain sugars into energy. This can lead to weakness. • Some foods high in galactose include yogurt, honey, several types of cheese, cherries, and animal milk. • Lactose is found in ice cream, milk, whip cream, and butter. Supportive Organizations There are many organizations that raise money and awareness to galactosemia…

Regulation can also come in the form of inhibition. Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate for binding to the active site thus, blocking the enzyme’s activity to the substrate. Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to other sites on the enzyme thereby changing its shape for blocking the substrate (OpenStax Biology, 2017). In this lab, the enzyme beta-galactosidase was used. In the bacteria Escherichia coli, it is used to catalyze the breakdown of lactose into galactose and glucose and to…

appear for this patient under exercise? Because glycogen was stored in liver not muscle. Moreover, only gluconeogenis occur in liver so that the deficiency of phosphoglucomutase enzyme will cause glucose-1-phosphate to accumulate in liver. Less glucose-6-p is formed and less free glucose is formed to be exported from liver. The muscle is not effected. When the patient exercises, the blood glucose level will drop low. As a result, the liver will want to produce glucose from excess glycogen but…

What are carbohydrates? Carbohydrates play a major role in our body, but many people don’t even know what they are. To show the true role of carbohydrates in the body you need to thoroughly break down every carbohydrate. CH2O is the general molecular formula for carbohydrates and it was once even called “hydrated carbon”. Each and every carbohydrate contains at least one carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atom, as well as being an organic compound. Though many people believe carbohydrates are bad for…