Fractional distillation

 Used Lubricant Regeneration Technology Most conventional processes for used lubricant regeneration involve physical separation and chemical treatments to remove the contaminants and impurities from used lubricants to make it suitable for re-use. Some of these technologies generate liquid effluents, solid wastes, and air emissions during the regenerating process. The types of wastes, effluents, and wastes vary with the technology and processes used, and the environmental control methods [CEPA,…

Experiment 1 and 2 Recrystallization: Purification of Solids and Melting points Purpose: In the fist experiment, impure Vanillin was purified through the process of recrystallization. Desired solutes were recovered through the technique of vacuum filtration, and then dried to take percent recovery In the second experiment, a percent recovery of the recrystallized Vanillin from the first experiment was performed. The percent recovery of Vanillin was 77.18% A mixed…

Set 2 A pressure vs. Volume analysis was done to determine the bubble points for Oil A, Oil B and water, with CO2 Oil A Represented in Fig. 7 below, the Pressure vs. Volume behavior of Oil A is displayed, the graph is separated into two different sections as Oil A transitions from a single phase fluid to a two phase fluid, the transition occurs at 800 psi which represents the bubble point for Oil A. Fig XX. Pressure vs. Volume Oil A Analysis was done on the relationship between…

1-[Cyano(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]cycloalkanol (VF-I) synthesized through the reaction of p-methoxyphenylacetonitrile and cyclohexanone using aq. NaOH and tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as PTC. NaBH4 and CoCl2 in 2:1 THF: H2O used for the reduction of VF-I to obtain 1-(2-amino-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl)cyclohexanol (VF-II). Further, venlafaxine derivative of the amino acid -carboxamide (VFCA-I toVII ) synthesized through coupling of N-Phthaloyl amino acid chloride derivative (2a-2g-…

The instrumentation of a HPLC apparatus is as shown in the diagram above. A HPLC apparatus is including a solvent reservoir, degasser, pump, injector, HPLC column, detector and data collection device. Solvent reservoir The solvent reservoir is usually a glassware or reagent bottle which contained the analytic sample. It is located at the upper part of the HPLC. It is also known as mobile phase reservoir since the sample will be moved. The flowing of the sample is depends on gravitational…

Cyclohexene distillation A fraction containing primarily cyclohexene primarily cyclohexene and water is separated from raw cyclohexanone in Cyclohexene column. Raw Cyclohexanone is fed from storage tank to Cyclohexene Column via Cyclohexene heater. In Cyclohexene Heater, the feed is heated up to about 1200C with the heat carried by the bottom product from Alcohols column. The Cyclohexene column is operated at atmospheric pressure and temperatures of 850C at top and 1650C at bottom. The vapours…

Objective: In this laboratory experiment three objectives were sought after. These objectives were to first, create a separation scheme. Second, perform basic biochemical qualitative analytical tests. Lastly, identify the major components of milk. Introduction: The three goals in this experiment were desirable due to the fact that it gave knowledge on what is actually digested when milk is consumed. This is notably important to the children and adults that are lactose intolerant. 1 Many…

This lab used techniques in steam distillation to extract crude oil from cloves. The cloves were boiled in a round bottom flask and using a hydrodistillation apparatus, the crude oil was separated from the cloves and sent into a clean flask. This step was used to separate the essential oils from the cloves (Setzer, W., 2008). The distillate was poured into a separatory funnel and extracted three times with dichloromethane to extract the water. After being extracted three times, a fifth of the…

-SiO2@ON/glass was coated with poly(methyl methacrylate) (950 PMMA C4, Micro Chem, 2 mL) by spin coating (500 rpm for 5 s, 1,000 rpm for 5 s, 2,000 rpm for 5 s, 1,000 rpm for 5 s, SP-7200GT spin coater, Intec systems). The plate was cut into 4 pieces of 1.5 × 2.5 cm2 area (Refer to Figure S3), and then added to 5% HF solution (100 mL). In the first 1 min, the glass plate was detached from S-SiO2@ON/glass and removed. The S-SiO2@ON was further etched for 2 h. Caution: HF solution is extremely…

From the data given in Table 1, there are a total of four mixtures present in the whole activity. This is because the main mixture which is the salt, sand, chalk, and water mixture can’t be separated using only one separation technique; it should be separated by parts. First, a filter paper was used to separate the salt and water from the chalk and sand. is the filtration process, a separation technique using a filter paper to separate solid particles in a liquid. Second, acid dissolution, using…