Floodplain

When people who live in Arizona think of South Mountain, they tend to think of family hikes and the beautiful wildlife in the area. Sadly, this perception of South Mountain may not be the same for future Arizonans if the expansion of the 202 Freeway takes place. The expansion of the 202 Freeway should be stopped due to the environmental impacts it would have such as the destruction of natural land and wildlife in that area. Another concern for the expansion of the 202 Freeway would be the…

Grant’s presence altered significantly the economic organization of the city. The completion of the Illinois Central Railroad, with Cairo as its southern terminus, had spurred increased trade with Chicago and provided a critical linkage to the largest urban hub of the State. Following Grant’s use of Cairo as military headquarters, much of this trade was diverted to Chicago. Nonetheless, the arrival of a large pool of freedmen provided Cairo with a dramatically increased pool of unskilled labor…

The twenty-first century marks the first time in history that the majority of the world’s population live in urban areas (Buhaug & Urdal, 2013). Urbanization is continuing rapidly, especially in cities of the global South. Poverty is also urbanizing as reflected in the lack of adequate housing, infrastructure and services for a majority of poor urban populations. One third of the world’s population is estimated to be living in slum conditions characterized by high densities of low income…

The Atchafalaya River The Atchafalaya River is a distributary of the Red River and Mississippi River section in part of the southern portion in central Louisiana. The Atchafalaya is a one hundred and thirty seven mile long distributary of the Mississippi and Red Rivers. The name "Atchafalaya" comes from the Choctaw language and translates to long river from hachcha, “river" and falaya, "long.” During the fifteenth century the Mississippi River and the Red River were separated. These two rivers…

I’m writing about the navigation lock in the Atchafalaya River. In 1977, Sidney A. Murray Jr., the mayor of Vidalia, questioned the use of hydroelectric power to help reduce rapidly escalating electricity rates. It ended up with the construction of the world’s largest prefabricated power plant structure. Construction of the 192-megawatt, $520-million power plant began in 1985. Earlier plans allowed the foundation and associated works to be built in the dry at the actual project site, just…

The Permian Mass Extinction Introduction There are five major extinctions in history: the Late Devonian, the Ordovician-Silurian, the Permian-Triassic, the Triassic-Jurassic, and the Cretaceous-Tertiary. Known as the Big Five, these extinctions exceeded all others in size and destruction, each killing more than 60% of species from that period. Each one acted as a bottleneck, allowing the survival of only a fraction of the organisms that had been thriving before, from which evolution and life…

and C.H. Stevenson. 1908. The Book of the Pearl. Century Co., New York. 548 pp. Layzer, J.B., Gordon, M.E., and R.M. Anderson. 1993. Mussels: the forgotten fauna of regulated rivers. A case study of the Caney Fork River. Regulated Rivers: Research & Management 8: 63-71. Lee, R.D. 1973. Allegheny River dredging study, June 1972 - July 1973. Unpublished report, Pennsylvania Fish Commission, Harrisburg. Lewandowski, K. and A. Stanczykowska. 1975. The occurrence and role of bivalves of the family…