Extension

joints and segments, and the gravitational force. The hip joint flexes doubles that of knee joint extension movements, and the smaller movement are associated with the planter flexion of ankle joint. There is a very little attention given to the examining the support leg / non kicking foot. A skilled soccer player executes a maximal instep generated flexion/extension joint movement 4, 3.2, 2.2 Nm/kg for hip, knee, ankle joint respectively where as the support leg knee, ankle and hip joint are much larger than those reported of kicking. Goktepe Ayhan, 2008, Kinematic analysis of penalty kick in soccer. The study examines the instep kicks from the penalty mark to the four different targets (sized 50x50 cm) at the full size standard goal post, the targets were placed as upper left (UL), lower left (LL), upper right (UR), lower right (LR) corners of the goal post. 5 male collegiate football players were examined for their knee flexion and ankle extension strategies. The study phase was divided under swing phase, contact with the ball and follow through and were analysed by dual (stereoscopic view) camera and pictran system software. The result of the study shows that subjects have significantly higher ankle extension while hitting the target at the UR (m=77.6°, sd = 10.5) and LR (m=84.4°, sd = 10.1) corners. In conclusion players presented similar knee flexion but not ankle extension kinematic strategies at the point of contact with the ball and follow through phases of instep…

Movement: -The positioning of the bones forming the elbow joint produce the hinge synovial joint. This allows the elbow to make extensions and flexion. The extension involves the Triceps brachii and anconeus (the continuation of the tricep brachii). Flexion is involving the; Brachialis, biceps brachii, and brachioradialis. - The bending of a joint part so that the angle decreases and the two parts come closer together, it called Flexion. The straitening of a joint increasing the two parts to…

lateral lip of the intertubercular groove of the humerus. The pectorals major flexes, medially rotates and adducts the humerus. Second, the deltoid originates from the lateral half part of the clavicle (anterior fibers), the acromion of the scapula (lateral fibers) and the spine of the scapula (posterior fibers). All the fibers merge on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.The anterior fibers flex and rotate the humerus medially. The lateral fibers abduct the humerus. The posterior fibers…

difficult. At points Aaron presents with extension synergy pattern when startled or excited. His posture is asymmetrical as he keeps his head turned to the left and flexed down.…

many muscles, allow the necessary movements to be performed, such as plantar flexion, extension, and flexion, in order to execute backwards marching properly During the process of backwards marching, one lifts onto their toes in a fluid motion, this requires the use of the ankle joints. The ankle joint, also known as the Talocrural, is located in between the Talus, tibia, and fibula creating a type of synovial joint called a hinge joint. The hinge joint allows movement in only one plane,…

Introduction Lateral epicondylitis also known as “Tennis Elbow”, is a chronic condition that presents pain in the lateral portion of the the elbow. Frequently seen in sports that require a repetitive motion of forearm flexion and extension, such as tennis, pitching, golf, javelin throwing, and fencing, the muscles that are typically involved, but are not limited to, include the extensor muscles.(1) This muscle group encompasses the extensor carpi radialis brevis and the extensor digitorum…

positions themselves side on to the target. The main purpose of this phase is so the body can get into a rhythm which will make it easier for the throwing action to be more efficient. At the start of the wind up the athletes feet should be shoulder width apart and should be side on to the target. The athlete then extends their knee and strides outwards. This helps to develop momentum which is used in later stages of the throwing motion. This particular phase doesn’t put a lot of strain on the…

between the body segments. These movements are flexion (frontal plane, and shoulder) extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction. As explained in our text, flexion is a decrease in the angle between two body segments, whereas extension is an increase in the angle between two body segments. Abduction is a movement away from the body, whereas adduction is a movement toward the midline of the body. The rotation is the circular movement of a body segment around a long axis, and…

Being a biarticular muscle group it may be stretched to extremes. When hamstring tears occur during kicking, either slow or fast movement, it involves concurrent hip flexion and knee extension. At deceleration, these muscles will contract, while being promptly lengthened. Therefore, they are performing eccentric contractions (Garrett et al, 1990.). It is well established that repeated eccentric contractions have the potential to damage muscle fibres (Armstrong et al,…

Occipital protuberance and posterior ligaments of neck. Middle: spinous process of 7C and T1-T3 Lower: Spinous process of T4-T12 Insertion: Upper: Posterior aspect of the lateral clavicle. Middle: Medial border if the acromion process and the upper boarder of the acromion Lower: Base of the scapular spine. Action: Upper: Scapula elevation and extension of the head at neck Middle: Elevation, upward rotation and adduction of scapula Lower:…