Erythropoietin

What is Chronic Kidney Disease? Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an irreversible condition that progresses causing renal dysfunction that is present for at least 3 months eventually leading to renal failure. According to the National Kidney Foundation, 1 in 3 American adults is at risk for kidney disease (National Kidney Foundation, 2012). CKD is an ongoing process of renal injury that causes compensatory hyperfiltration in less affected glomeruli, which eventually leads to the destruction of…

Furthermore, there are many derivatives of the hormone, including recombinant erythropoietin (rEpo) and darbepoetin (Darbe), that all promote the formation of RBCs, which would increase RBC counts and counteract anemia when used with iron supplements (Warwood et al., 2005). Additionally, erythropoietin can be administered through fortified breast milk or fortified formula as part of the infant’s total parenteral nutrition (TPN). These hormones…

for a mature red blood cell to be produced. When the body is lacking oxygen, the kidneys produce a hormone called erythropoietin. Erythropoietin then stimulates bone marrow to produce new red blood cells. The body does this by entering the blood stream and traveling throughout the body, exposing all cells to the erythropoietin. However, only red blood cells react to the erythropoietin. As new red blood cells are produced they enter into the blood stream and increase the oxygen carrying…

For example, Lance Armstrong used erythropoietin for many years and won multiple road cycling races. Reggie Jackson said, "You can't break records hitting 200 home runs in three or four seasons. The greatest hitters in the history of the game didn't do that," (Allen). Performance enhancement…

Opinion in Biotechnology, 2013-12-01, Volume 24, Issue 6, Pages 1094-1101, Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd 4. Maleki A, Roohvand F, Tajerzadeh H, Khanahmad H, Nobari MB, Najafabadi AR. High Expression of Methylotrophic Yeast-Derived Recombinant Human Erythropoietin in a pH-Controlled Batch System. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol. 2010 Oct;2(4):197-206 5. C-M. Chen, Y-C. Chang, C-L. Chen and W. T. K. Cheng. High-Level Expression of Growth Hormone in the Methylotropic Yeast and Its Application on Growth…

The controversial topic of performance enhancing drugs are still in discussion today. Some believe that they’re good to use, while others believe they give an unfair advantage to the sport being played. A performance enhancing drug is any substance taken by athletes to improve performance. Typically, well-known athletes are the ones to use performance enhancing drugs. Performance enhancing drugs are used by multiple athletes of every sports across the world. Therefore, the athletes who use PEDs…

In the United States, 5 million patients are transfused every year, receiving approximately 14.6 million units of blood.1 Orthopedic and cardiac surgeries are associated with high blood volume loss and account for 10% and 20% of all erythrocyte transfusions, respectively.2,3 Additionally, cancer patients undergoing malignant tumor resection often require transfusions due to chronic blood loss.4 Although improved detection methods have significantly reduced the risk of acquiring blood-borne…

Hematology Assignment 1 Name: Asenaca Matameli Student ID: s160177 Hematology Case 3-2 Answers: 1) Fred G, the 22 year old white man has leukocytosis as his White blood cell (WBC) count is increased (16.5×10^9/L) as shown in the Complete Blood Count results. This raises the intuition of blunt trauma and it is also an initial marker of injury along with physical exam. Leukocytosis in trauma is however due to neutrophilia as seen in this patient having a high neutrophil count. Increased in…

Performance Enhancing Drugs in Cycling Introduction From the very beginning when humans have engaged in competitive sports, they have tried to gain every possible edge against their opponents. An advantage that can be achieved through honest means such as hard work, determination and perseverance towards the sport. Contrarily, it could also be achieved through dishonest means such as through the use of illegal chemical agents known as Performance Enhancing Drugs or PEDs. The use of Performance…

More than three million people in the U.S. have anemia, with women and people with chronic diseases being at greater risk of developing anemia. Biomedical sciences have been moving into an interesting developmental phase and with the passing of Obama Care medical practices have also been going through stages of increasing uncertainty as the U.S. has not been able to resolve the challenges associated with the increased cost of healthcare linked to scientific developments, public anticipation,…