Electromyography

Introduction Motor neuron diseases (MND) are a group of pathologies in which motor neurons are selectively affected. Amyotrophic lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a member of this group, affecting both upper (UMN) and lower motor neurons (LMN) [1]. ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease [1], with an estimated incidence in Caucasians of about 1,2-4,0 per 100,000 person-years [2]. ALS incidence increases with age, being more frequent between the 6th and 7th decades and in women more than men…

Guillain–Barré syndrome Guillain-Barre, pronounced: gee-YAH-buh-RAY, syndrome is a rare disorder in which your body's immune system attacks your peripheral nerves instead of invading organisms. I chose this topic because my father suffered for over 7 years with this debilitating disease. I have only known one person to have it, him. I have heard of it because it is one of the questions on the Influenza administration questionnaire form. I feel it is a unique and often misdiagnosed disease.…

diagnosis. It is through a clinical examination and a series of diagnostic tests that a diagnosis can be established . A comprehensive diagnostic workshop includes most, if not all, of the following procedures: Electrodiagnostic tests including electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV), Blood and urine studies, spinal tap, X-Ray – including an MRI, myelogram of the cervical spine, muscle and / or nerve biopsy, and thorough neurological exam. There are two types of ALS: sporadic…

Male, 40 years old, reports low back pain in the middle of the back near waist. The patient has had similar symptoms before, numbness and tingling sensation in the right foot. Both parents have hypercholesterolemia while his 65-year-old father has prostate cancer. The patient skips breakfast and eats at fast food restaurants twice every day. He uses 800mg of Ibuprofen every four hours. He does not have urinary or bowel incontinence. No nausea, vomiting, or fever and there is no gross hematuria.…

Serotonin (5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter and paracrine signalling molecule in all bilateral animals, where it mediates gut movements and the animal's perceptions of resource availability. 5-HT was found in the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract), blood platelets, and the central nervous system (CNS) [1] [2]. Approximately 90% of 5-HT in the human body is synthesized and released in the GI tract, and the remainder is synthesized in serotonergic neurons of the CNS. 5-HT is synthesized from…

An artifact is any kind of disruption or unwanted error that is seen while perceiving data not generated from the brain. Examples of such witnessed throughout this experiment included swallowing, blinking, perspiration, gazing, and head movement to name a few. Yes, I would include these in my investigation because they occur in everyone and therefore should be factored into the evaluations. 2.Alpha waves are indicated by a person who is awake and very much at ease. Depending if the eyes were…

The diagnosis of MD, along with the severity, and the specific type is of immense importance. Once the type and severity of the disease is figured out, the team of caregivers formulate a plan of treating the patient and improving the patient’s quality of care. The first step for a diagnosis is a thorough physical examination by a doctor. Early and overall physical signs of MD will vary due to which specific dystrophy is present. The simplest early physical finding is generalized weakness that…

further testing. Such testing may include: • X-beam to search for cracks in the spine • “Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI)” or “computed tomography (CT)” output to make pictures of the structures of the back • Nerve conduction speed thinks about/electromyography to look at how well electrical driving forces go through the sciatic…

Muscles (Grip strength) In this week’s lab, we was doing an experiment on forearm, and its muscle fiber with nerves. The forearm is a part that between the primates’ elbow and wrist. Forearms contain connective tissue, nerve tissue and muscle tissue. In which, connective tissue is just radius and ulnar bones. However, there are a great deal of muscles and nerves in the forearm. When a nerve impulse transmission to synaptosomes induced depolarization, allows calcium ions to enter the cell…

vulnerable to predation, it also needs to wake easily in case of threat. Those requirements show how well regulated the sleep-wake regulation has to be. Historically, sleep studies have been done by a combination of electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG), the signals obtained allowed to define three sleep/wake stages(REF). The first one is displayed by awake animal, the EEG show a high frequency activity (beta waves) and the EMG signal is high, reflecting the motor activity of…