Diffraction

Sushil Bhandari (1997) defined vibration as a repeated movement in the normal rest position. The parameters involved with vibration are commonly amplitude or displacement and velocity or acceleration of the ground movement (Visvan, 2005). During demolition operation, vibration is normally caused by the impact of fallen structures or by the use of explosives (BS 6187:2000), which could pose detrimental effects of structural damage of adjacent premises, buried services like gas pipes, disturbance…

eventually. Various other factors also govern the stability of the entire structural formation. Referring to the table below which is extracted from the report, we are able to tell how α and ß transition is affected by the coordinates of ∂1 and ∂2 where diffraction takes…

Germer performed an experiment in which they fired electrons at a crystalline nickel target. The observed diffraction pattern matched the predictions of the de Broglie wavelength. De Broglie was awarded the 1929 Nobel Prize for the theory (this was the first time when he was awarded for a Ph.D. thesis) and Davisson/Germer together won it in 1937 for the experimental discovery of electron diffraction. All this proved the hypothesis to be…

In 1906, Alois Alzheimer reported first time the symptomatic changes in ageing brain of his dementia patient Auguste Deter. He reported the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in her autopsied brain tissues. Later, his senior Emil Kraepelin, in 1910, recognized the diseased condition as a new disease and gave it a name, Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Alzheimer, 1906; Kraepelin, 1910). Thereafter, a number of histochemical techniques have been brought with time to study amyloids.…

It’s important to realize that each scientific break through is made possible by the work that came before it. It’s a lot like putting puzzle pieces together, collecting different important evidence until enough puzzle pieces result in another break through. Fifty years ago two scientists announced to a lunch time crowd that they had discovered the secret to life. How DNA changed the world To begin with scientists used to have no understanding of what caused distinct patterns of inheritance.…

1 WRITTEN ESSAY Paragraph 1 The FePO4 crystal is examined at various temperatures ranging between 294K and 1073K by neutron powder diffraction. At relatively low temperatures, FePO4 adopts an α-quartz structure, which is tetrahedral. High pressures causes a phase change to a more dense octahedral structure, which is known as β-phase. The transition temperature is 980K. Cutoffs can be observed during the firstorder transition,. For α-phase, the increases in cell parameters…

The development of new drug discovery technologies like high throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, etc. has led to the discovery of a large number drugs that are poorly water soluble.(1,2) Approximately 40% of the NCEs are poorly water soluble and has poor bioavailability.(3) The successful clinical use of these molecules requires the application of solubility enhancement based formulation approaches. Among the various solubility enhancement technique like use of cosolvents,…

The picture of DNA diffraction pattern used in the Nature paper was obtained by Rosalind Franklin and shown to Watson and Crick by Franklin’s colleague Maurice Wilkins, who later shared the Nobel prize with Watson and Crick – Franklin was dead by then from cancer caused by X-ray…

surface morphology was investigated using a transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM- 2100F, JEOL Co., Japan). Laser diffraction (LD) analyzer (SALD- 2300, Shimadzu Co., Japan) was used to determine particle size of the synthesized iron particles after 30 min of ultra-sonication (US-101, SND Co, Ltd, Japan) . In order to distinguish the mineral composition of ZVI, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed using Cu K_α radiation (λ = 1.5418 Å) on TTR Rigaku diffractometer conducting at 40…

10.1 SUMMARY The aim of the present investigation was to formulate Raloxifene Hydrochloride Liquisolid compacts, with coadministration of a bioenhancer, for oral bioavailability enhancement. The reason for poor bioavailability (2%) of Raloxifene Hydrochloride is low solubility (100μg/mL) and high hepatic first pass metabolism. According to BCS, Raloxifene Hydrochloride is considered as Class II drug, lipophilic and highly permeable compound. Therefore, formulating Liquisolid Compacts bearing…