Creatinine

Animal well-being after hydrodynamic injections. In general, the mice tolerated very well the gene transfer procedure via hydrodynamic tail vein injection. All animals recovered from the hydrodynamic injections completely in 5 to 10 min without any signs of distress or problems. The blood creatinine levels did not raise from the pre-hydrodynamic injection baseline values, indicating that the putatively harsh gene transfer method was not harmful to the kidney function, or that one week was long enough to allow kidney function to fully recover from the hydrodynamic stress (Table 1). No statistically significant differences were detected in the creatinine levels of the hydrodynamically injected mice and the non-treated control mice at the analyzed…

Case summary: A 69 years old male with known CKD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was admitted to hospital following a GP visit. Increased prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and raised creatinine levels were observed in his blood tests. Patient was referred from GP due to worsening of creatinine on a background of 2 months of increasing pedal oedema. Ultrasound scan showed no renal obstruction and a renal biopsy confirmed pANCA vasculitis. Urinalysis also confirmed presence of glucose,…

Creatinine excreted out of the body in the urine through the urinary system since it is a waste product. The excretion rate of creatinine which can be used to measure the kidney function is a relatively constant for the individual because the creatinine can only be produced by the spontaneous cyclisation of creatine. The glomerular filtration rate which can demonstrate the kidney’s ability of filter metabolites from plasma into the urine can be calculated using the Cockcroft-gault formula below:…

So, creatinine clearance needs to be calculated in order to estimate GFR. Since clearance defined as the volume of plasma that is completely cleared or cleaned by the kidney when excreting substance in urine, it is a good way to determine if the kidneys are functioning properly. Creatinine is a metabolic byproduct of skeletal muscle that is freely filtered, not re-absorbed and with little secretion. Although creatinine clearance is not completely accurate when measuring GFR, it provides better…

Why am I having this test? Creatinine clearance (CrCl) is a test that measures how well the kidneys are working. You may have this test as part of a routine blood test, or your health care provider may recommend this test if he or she thinks you may have a condition that affects your kidney function. Creatinine is a waste product of normal muscle activity (contraction). The kidneys filter (clear) creatinine from your blood and remove it from your body through urination. What is being tested?…

1. What are Phil’s abnormal test results? His anion gap was low on both days with 5.0 mmol/L (normal being 10-20 mmol/L); his BUN was high with 53 mg/dL on day 1 and 49 mg/dL on day 2 (normal being 7-24 mg/dL); and his creatinine was high with 2.0 mg/dL on day 1 and 1.8 mg/dL on day 2 (normal being 0.5-1.2 mg/dL). 2. Do the laboratory results rule out a myocardial infarction? According to Lewandrowski, Chen, and Januzzi (2002), blood testing for cardiac biomarkers plays a vital role in…

Other conditions that can cause an increase in BUN-creatinine ratio include kidney stones, kidney disease, or gastrointestinal bleeding. A low ratio can occur in liver disease, pregnancy, or a low protein diet . Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) Although a urea and electrolytes blood test is useful, the ultimate test for kidney function is the glomerular filtration rate, which measures the rate at which your blood is filtered by the kidneys to produce urine. GFR slowly falls with age, but if you…

more complications of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy (CIN)? CIN can be defined as an increase in baseline creatinine level by 25% or greater within 48 hours after a procedure that requires contrast material (Isaac, 2012). Creatinine is the end-product of muscle breakdown…

Estimation of Plasma urea, uric acid and Creatinine in plasma of control and experimental rats Urea, creatinine and uric acid were assayed in plasma using standard kits supplied from Agappe Diagnostics Ltd., Kerala, India and the results expressed as mg/dl. 3.4.1 Effect of Kombucha on urea, creatinine and uric acid in control and experimental rats As shown in Table 3.4.1, STZ induced diabetic hyperglycemia causes the significant elevation of plasma levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine…

Blood testing focuses on whether anemia (not enough red blood cells) is present, and the filtration ability of the kidneys. The two substances measured in blood to evaluate the kidney’s filtration ability are Creatinine and BUN. An elevated level of either one of these is known as azotemia. Creatinine is a compound that is produced by metabolism and excreted in the urine. BUN measures the level of Urea Nitrogen in the blood, another end product of metabolism that is excreted in the urine.…