Conserved sequence

INTRODUCTION Microbes are those microscopic organisms that can cause diseases in the human body. These microbes migrate with locomotive organelles called FLAGELLA, a very vigorous nanomotor that is highly conserved across bacterial species. Flagella allow the microbes to move towards favourable environments. Further studies on flagella has revealed that it not only serves the purpose of locomotion but also plays a very crucial role in bacterial pathogenicity(14). A flagella has mainly three…

abundance of the PMT members and HCT was studied using gene specific sense primers by qPCR (Light Cycler LC480, Roche Diagnostics). Sense and antisense primers were designed using IDT. Sense primers specific for genes and antisense primers for a conserved region of the PMT genes. Quantitative PCR was performed in a 20µl reaction using Light Cycler 480 SYBR Green I master mix as per the manufacturer’s protocol. Previously, individual primer pairs were validated for PCR efficiency using the slope…

receptor. Both of these are members of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) class II. The primary and unique effects of the hormone take place through IGF1R, which, when activated, triggers a chemical sequence called the AKT pathway. This process, revolving around a protein called AKT, has significant effects on the life and death of the cell. iii. A chemical resemblance to insulin also allows IGF-1 to active the insulin receptor. This protein triggers a process that ultimately causes a cell to take…

perfect animal model in which to study the mechanisms controlling mammalian coat color genes. Mammalian coat colors are formed by melanocytes produce melanin in skin, hair bulbs and eyes[1]. The pigmentation function of the melanocyte is highly conserved in mammalian evolution. Lin et al. (2007) have reported melanocytes are located in the epidermis and the dermis[2]. Melanocytes…

Q1) What secondary structures make up the large C-terminal domain of the Klenow fragment? Answer: The large C-terminal domain contains a six-stranded antiparallel β-sheet at the bottom of the cleft region and contains three α-helices on one side and four α-helices on the other side of the cleft region. Q2) Describe the three-dimensional structure of the large C-terminal domain of the Klenow fragment? Answer: The large C-terminal domain contains a significantly deep cleft, with a considerable…

genome evolution is, how genomes are able to be compared and how the size can contribute in to that, the gene functions and expressions, applying comparative genomes and the evolution within genomes. So what is a genome? A genome is the complete DNA sequence of an organism. The Genome is a compilation of the stored DNA in genes on the…

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) is a homodimeric enzyme complex that is commonly found in a wide range of organisms, from bacteria to all tissues of the human body. AP is a zinc metalloenzyme (1), in which metal ions play a key role in the regulation of catalytic activities and stabilization of enzyme-substrate complex. As proposed by Gettins and Coleman using NMR studies (10), each active site of AP comprises of three metal binding sites, which acknowledged as M1, M2, and M3. Two zinc ions bind to…

Tests were performed using high molecular weight genomic DNA from purified cytokine primed human CD34+ PBSCs from 71 healthy stem cell donors. Approximately 70% of the donors tested positive for endogenous AAV sequences. Evidence indicates that endogenous AAV can be found frequently in CD34+ PBSCs. Furthermore, natural AAV infection of CD34+ cells is not rare. After amplifying full-length capsid genes from 2 PBSC samples (PB0130 and PB021), 18 novel AAV capsids…

Beta actin is a cytoskeletal protein involved in cell structure, motility, and cohesion. Also, it is highly conserved, which allows it to be constitutively expressed in all proteins, making it a good loading control6. This protein was used by the authors to indicate that when the separase RNAi and SKA3 RNAi were added to the cell, the western blot indicated this…

Proteins are complex molecules that serve a variety of functions within the body. Proteins are made up of subunits called amino acids. There are several different types of amino acids such as lysine, aspartic acid, and histidine. Each type of amino acids have their own specific group called R-groups attached to them, this causes them to behave chemically different. The group on the amino acid histidine cause the amino acid to be basic; this feature of histidine makes it have a specific purpose…