Congenital

the field of medical imaging. It has affected my health negatively, yet affected my life positively. I have seen every test and imaging modality involving this condition and its understanding. Ebstein’s anomaly is a congenital heart defect that counts for less than 1% of all congenital heart diseases and occurs in 1 in 210,000 live births (theheart.org). The condition is defined by a malformation of the anterior leaflet of the tricuspid valve which results in weakening of the heart and…

Pericardial Cysts are very rare benign congenital anomalies of the anterior and middle mediastinum with incidence of about 1 in 100,000. 60% are discovered between the ages of 30 to 50 and over 75% of them are right-sided, 22% are left-sided, while the rest are in the posterior or anterior superior mediastinum. Pericardial Cysts are thought to result from the failure of fusion of one of the mesenchymal lacunae that forms the pericardial sac, unfortunately due to the lack of research the true…

How much autonomy should a minor have? Should their refusal of life-saving treatment be granted by physicians? These questions arise from the case of Emma Ogden, a twelve year old girl who lived with a congenital heart defect which led to many operations and repeated visits to the hospital. When Dr. Abdul Hamid, the transplant surgeon, told Emma and her parents that her best option would be getting a heart transplant and that even then, her prognosis was grim, she refused. Emma researched her…

consideration the information provided to me by David Tidwell. Mr. Tidwell, a hospital social worker, received information from Danielle Knight. I will learn about the family and any issues they may be dealing with. I detected that Mason Knight has a series congenital heart defect. Macy Knight has become hostile and aggressive. Andrew Knight is physically and emotionally…

(CNN)Mia Gonzalez spent the first 3½ years of her life missing out. She had to skip day care and dance classes because she constantly had colds and pneumonia. When Mia could go out and play, she was easily winded and took multiple asthma medications to try to help her breathing. After about 10 hospital stays, doctors realized that Mia had a malformation in her aorta, the vessel that pumps blood from the heart. The 4-year-old would need an operation to close off the part of her aorta that was…

Overview: Brachycephalic Airway Obstruction Syndrome, or more commonly referred to as Brachycephalic syndrome or abbreviated BAOS, is a syndrome that leads to respiratory distress in the affected breeds of dogs (CIDD). Brachycephalia is best described as a chondrodysplasia that has been a product of selected breeding of domesticated breeds of dogs and cats (Koch). Breed standards often encourage and require these negative anatomical features, ensuring these abnormalities are continually bred…

A heart murmur is when you hear a heartbeat that is not a continuous rhythm of beat, but instead you hear whooshing and swishing. This is caused by unstable blood in or near your heart. Your doctor can hear these sounds by using a stethoscope. You can get a heart murmur at birth or it can develop later in life. A heart murmur is not a disease but can affect the cardiovascular system which may lead to heart problems. Anyone from infant to adults can have a heart murmur. Infants and children may…

will eventually help in treatment of cases and counseling of families. Keywords: Growth; Precocious Puberty; Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia; Cyp21; Gonadotrophin Releasing hormone List of Abbreviations: 17 OHP: 17 hydroxy progesterone; ACTH: adrenocorticotrophic hormone; BMI: Body mass index; Bp: Base pair; CAH: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia; CT: Computeized tomography; cyp21: congenital adrenal hyperplasia results from steroid…

2. Genetic diseases The prevalence of genetic disease in Nigeria, as one of the various congenital disorders, can be discussed in two folds: chromosomal and single genetic etiologies. Genetic diseases of chromosomal etiology Of the chromosomal etiology, Down syndrome was reported to have an incidence of 1 in every 865 live birth, 19 and Turner’s syndrome of 1 in every 2745 live female birth in Nigeria as at 1982, 20 no other reliable study have been done on genetic diseases of chromosomal…

of the fluid [1]. It is categorized either congenital or acquired [1]. Hydrocephalus can be diagnosed by detailed history, physical examination and radiological examination [1]. MRI is considered the method of choice because It allows us to evaluate various parts of the brain and certain associated conditions that may not be assessed adequately with other imaging modalities [7]. Aim of the study: To evaluate the role of MRI in the detection of congenital hydrocephalus in pediatric patients. And…