Bacillus subtilis

improving the quality and shelf life of foods by modifying the physiochemical and biological properties of the food (Martin et al. 2009). Polyphenol (or catechins) extracted from green tea extract have shown an excellent antimicrobial effect against Bacillus Subtilis, Escherichia Coli, Proteus Vulgaris, Pseudomonas Fluorescents, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus Aureus (Bancirova 2010). Among all the catechins, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and…

In 1985-1990 we see that various scientists such as Kalle (1985), Vikar and Panesar (1987), and Hecker et al. (1990) had begun endeavors to develop more efficient alkali and sulfite processes. This was done by attempted by sparging with CO2 (the bubbling of inert gases in the liquid to remove dissolved gases) or installing a vacuum in the fermenter to control aeration. This method resulted in a 40% glycerol yield efficiency at concentrations of 230 g/L. (Kalle, 1985; Vikar and Panesar, 1987). A…

The fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana has a wide host range and observed on cereals, barley, rice, rye, wheat etc. and many non-cereal grasses across the world (Jones 1983). Forty-five plant genera that include Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Lineace and Solanaceae were reported to be prone to this pathogen including Poae, Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Linaceae and Solanaceae (Harding 1979 ). 1.3.2.3. Symptoms of common root rot (CRR) Because of the difficulty to diagnose the disease as the above ground…

The overarching goal was to identify the changes and alternative pathways required to sustain life in a Salmonella enterica strain whose thiamine (vitamin B1) biosynthetic gene, thiH, had been replaced by an equivalent non-homologous gene from Bacillus subtilis, thiO, which is more prevalent than thiH among bacteria. This strain grows normally in aerobic conditions with and without B1 supplementation. However, under anaerobic conditions growth occurs only in media supplemented…

QUESTIONS for The Hot Zone by Richard Preston PART ONE: “THE SHADOW OF MOUNT ELGON” 1. Charles monet was a loner who lived by himself in a little wooden cabin on the private lands of Nzoia sugar factory. He was fifty-six years old and his job was to take care of the sugar factory’s water pumping machinery. 2.Mount Elgon is a volcano located on the border Uganda and Kenya, Mount Elgon is an extinct shield volcano. 3.Monet gave the virus many opportunities to accumulate a new host, For…

2.0 INTRODUCTION Consumption of foods and beverages that do not have added preservative but able to have a longer shelf life has become very popular among the consumer. In order to improve the shelf life of a food product, adding natural food extracts that act as the antimicrobial are able to inhibit or supress the microbial growth (Martin et al 2009). Microbial growth, pH and the storage temperature are the important measure of the shelf life and quality of a food product (Fellers 1988;…

The purpose of performing physiological tests is to figure out certain characteristics of microorganisms or to reach a conclusion on what an unknown microorganism is. It can be also used to determine what is needed for bacteria to be cultured in or on certain media. Culture media can either be liquid or solid, and they can be used to identify certain characteristics of different bacterial species. This is indicated by the growth or lack of growth in or on certain media. Solid media can also be…

1. Introduction L-Ornithine is an important chemical ingredient for its applications in food and pharmaceutical industries as a dietary supplement, as it is known to be efficacious in the treatment of liver diseases and wound healing [11]. It can also be used as a precursor for the synthesis of other amino acids, such as arginine and citrulline, and putrescine, an important diamine used as a nylon precursor [28]. L-Ornithine could be produced by fermentation using auxotrophic mutants, for…

Plasmids are extra chromosomal DNA within some bacteria that exist as circular structures. Although they are not essential for survival of the bacterium, they often do confer many environment advantages such as antibiotic resistance. One bacteria of interest is E. coli, a gram-negative organism that is part of normal human gut flora. Some strains of E. coli are pathologic to humans, however some strains are beneficial. For example, one strain produces vitamin K, an essential nutrient. In this…

Importance of Microbes Introduction It was long ago when Man realized that, along with animals and plants, he was also accompanied by some other organisms as well, and though which remained hidden from his eyes. Those organisms were unveiled by Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, who first saw the tiny organisms which accompanied Man through the lenses of microscope. Later it was found out that microorganisms inhabited each and every surface of earth, on man himself, or even inside him, resided under the…