Androgen receptor

Testosterone is a type of Androgen that is the primary hormone in males.1 It is a type of steroid hormone that stimulates the development of sexual characteristics.2 Testosterone is produced in the male testes by the Leydig cells as well as in the adrenal glands.1,3 Production…

illegal drugs that are used by sports people to gain a competitive advantage over those who do not use them. Performance enhancing drugs commonly used include anabolic androgenic steroids, testosterone, human growth hormone, erythropoietin and other androgens (Grace & Baker, 2012). These drugs for example anabolic androgenic steroids imitate the activity of natural testosterone and lead to fast rate protein production by muscle cells and thus achieving bigger muscles and increased endurance. The…

being taken for personal use but, there are many medical conditions where anabolic-androgenic steroids must be used and this will also be discussed. Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic drugs related to the male sex hormones called androgens and the term anabolic, refers to the growth of skeletal muscle. Basically AAS can be like a synthetic form of testosterone which is the primary male hormone. AAS is legally prescribed by doctors in the United States to treat males who have…

Ever since I began weightlifting this past year, I have always been curious about anabolic steroids and what effects they might have combined with my weightlifting. Despite looking at the negative side of anabolic steroids, I figured I would do some research to find out what could possibly happen to my body if I ever took them. All I knew about them prior to this research was the external effects they had on the human body such as increased muscle growth and acne. Upon my research, I found that…

The problem with cheating is that children learn to cheat at a young age. It is argued that as a part of moral instinct, human beings naturally seek to expose and punish cheaters. Before cheaters can be punished; however, one must identify the behaviors that constitute cheating. On June 3, 2003, Chicago Cubs’ star Sammy Sosa shattered his bat in a game against the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. Noticing something unordinary in the shattering, the umpires gathered together to examine the bat. The…

Albuterol is an adrenergic receptor agonist with pharmacological properties and therapeutic indications similar to terbutaline. The mechanism of the anti-asthmatic action of adrenergic receptor agonists is without a doubt linked to the direct relaxation of airway smooth muscle and the bronchodilator. Although human bronchial smooth muscle receives little or no sympathetic stoppage, it contains large numbers of adrenergic receptors. When the adrenergic receptors activate the adenylyl cyclase…

History of Drugs in the Olympics Drug use in sports has been suspected to have existed since the Roman times in which Gladiators would be given stimulants to stop fatigue and even their horses would be given hydromel, a substance which would enable them to run faster (Ramlan Abdul Aziz,2006). However the first documented case of drugs and stimulants being used in sports wasn’t until 1904 when marathon runner, Thomas Hicks, was injected twice with a substance called Strychnine, which is more…

Plenty of Athletes in sports today use steroids. Not all of them get caught, but when they do it’s a big price to pay. Most athletes think steroids are worth the risk, but they really aren’t. Although steroids help a minority of professional athletes increase their physical strength and performance, the media reports show professional sports are dominated by the majority who use steroids to get an advantage. Many athletes use steroids, and drug test are always catching people. Most healthy males…

Bodybuilding Natural Vs Steroids With bodybuilding, as popular and as mainstream as it has now become, unfortunately there is a certain stigma attached to it that simply will not go away, and that stigma in question is the use of anabolic steroids, hormones, and various other illegal, and potentially harmful compounds. As dedicated to bodybuilding as an individual may be, most members of the general public will take one look at a muscular guy and immediately brand him as being a steroid user.…

Performance enhancing drugs in sports should not be tolerated and should be banned. The taking of these Performance Enhancing Drugs just isn't fair, we’re encouraging youth (teens) to take these drugs and it can have dramatic health risks weather if it is short or long term damage. Performance Enhancing Drugs in sports (Mainly steroids) give the consumer an unfair advantage on rivals/Competitors. It really isn't fair if one athlete who has the financial means to buy these products has an…