Alkyl

Pyocyanin is a hetero cyclic nitrogenous compound, the FT-IR spectra indicate the presence of –OH group (3400-3300 cm-1), C=N bonds (1590-1600 cm-1) and C-N (1280- 1250 cm-1) bonds, the presence of –CH3 group is confirmed with the –C-H stretches of the alkyl (methyl) group in the 1380-1400 cm-1 range (Stuart n.d.) As it has been clearly suggesting from this experiment, that this pyocyanin compound present on the crude extract, secreted by the P. aeruginosa can exhibit good antimicrobial…

The goal of this lab was to conduct the reaction of 2-methyl-2-butanol with HCl to form 2-chloro-2-methylbutane, and to understand Sn1 and Sn2 reactions, in terms of how they are different and why one is more likely to happen over the other. The OH group in 2-methl-2-butanol is attached to a tertiary Carbon, meaning the reaction should occur via Sn1, a two-step reaction, and Cl should replace the OH group, to form a tertiary halide. HCl was added to 2-methyl-2-butanol and then several…

Explain the importance of hydrophobic interactions in tertiary structure # introduction : Proteins are organic compounds that made up of building blocks , called "amino acids." There are around 20 common types of amino acids. Nine of them are viewed as "essential " in the fact that the body can't make them, so they should be provided by eating healthy. A polypeptide chain is a chain of amino-linked together by peptide bonds. The foundation of the polypeptide is given by the repeated…

Several configurations of it were formed in the solution due to the rotations of alkyl chain, forms of imidazole ring and the planar configurations of thioureido ring. Replacing side chain –CH2- with –S- result in the formation of Thioburimamide with improved the activity and by adding 4-methyl on the imidazole ring result in the formation…

Potassium Permanganate Test: 1. Three drops of the compound to be tested are dissolved in 2 ml of water or aqueous ethanol. 2% KMnO4 solution (a purple solution) is added drop wise and the solution is shaken. 2. The purple color of the KMnO4 solution disappears and a precipitate of MnO2 is formed. A negative test is if there no precipitate. 3. Repeat for every unknown and record observations. Observations and Results Water Solubility Test: When the test was conducted and observations were made,…

al. reported that the condensation of 2-aminoarylketone (1) with alkyl substituted ketones in the presence of 1-methylimidazolium trifluoroacetate([Hmim]TFA) gave substituted 2-styrylquinolines (3) as described in Scheme 2.1. It is a combination of a Knoevenagel condensation and modified Friedlander annulation reactions…

Busulfan is anticancer drug caused variety of adverse effects for cancer patients. It’s used to treatment of chronic leukaemia but it could cause damage to the male reproductive system as one of its adverse effects. This study aim to investigate the effect of L-carnitine and L-arginine on semen quality, oxidative stress parameters, caspase3 and testes cell energy after busulfan treatment. Materials and Methods: thirty-two adult male rats were divided into four groups. Group I (Control)…

What is Eugenics? EugenicsEugenics is a movement that is aimed at improving the genetic composition of the human race. Historically, eugenicists advocated selective breeding to achieve these goals. Today we have technologies that make it possible to more directly alter the genetic composition of an individual. However, people differ in their views on how to best (and ethically) use this technology. ❖ Improvement of human population by controlled breeding and desirable characteristics. ❖…

CHAPTER 4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Preparation of Bis-Thiourea Derivatives The mixture of heptanoyl chloride and ammonium thiocynate with 1,4-phenylene diamine appeared as homogeneous solution. White precipitate was formed immediately when the solution was filtered into the beaker containing ice cubes. Then, the precipitate was filtered again and rinsed by ethanol before being dried in the desiccator. The physical data of the synthesized bis-thiourea derivatives are shown in Table 4.1.…

Hexane will react with bromine only under the free radical condition which indicate must expose to the sunlight as this is a photochemical reaction. With the presence of sunlight, a bromine atom replaced one of the hydrogen atoms in the hexane to form alkyl halide. Hydrogen bromide which is one of the products of the substitution reaction turns blue litmus paper into red as hydrogen bromide was acidic. In the dark, hexane does not react with bromine due to there are absent of multiple bonds.…