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32 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are characteristics of Meiosis?
1-Similar to Mitosis
2-Involves the production of daughter cells that have 1/2 the number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell
Where does meiosis occur?
Only in those cells that produce gametes.
Explain the process of Meiosis.
It is a "double trip" through mitosis, but the second time around interphase is skipped allowing the chromosomes not to be duplicated.
In males what is the process of the formation of spermatozoa called?
Spermatogenesis
In females the process of the formation of ova is called what?
Oogenesis
What cells are found in the seminiferous tubules of the testes?
And what do they mitotically divide to form?
1-Spermatogonia
2-Primary Spermacytes
In females what do the ovaries contain?
And what do they mitotically divide to form?
1-Oogonia
2-Primary Oocytes
What do the primary spermacytes in males meiotically divide to form?
Spermatazoa
What are the only cells that undergo meiosis in a male called?
Primary Spermatocytes
What do primary oocytes form?
Ova
In females what are the only cells that undergo meiotic division?
Primary Oocytes
What is the pairing of homologous chromosomes that ocurs prior to their replication?
Synapsis
What constitutes a pair of chromosomes, one member of each pair arising from reach parent?
Homologous Chromosomes
Homologous chromosomes have genes that deal with the same ____ but perhaps different ____.
1-Trait
2-Characteristics
IN humans there are _____ chromosomes and about _______ genes.
46
30,000
What does the term HAPLOID mean?
The half set of chromosomes (like that found in the gametes)
In humans what is the haploid number and how is it abbreviated?
23
1N
What does the term DIPLOID suggest?
What is its abbreviation?
The cells contain the full set of chromosomes.
2N
What cells are Diploid Cells?
Somatic cells
What is a tetrad?
A duplicated pair of chromosomes.
What are the three regions of a typical spermatozoon?
1-Head
2-Middle Piece
3-Tail
What does the head contain?
1-The Acrosome
2-The haploid Nucleus
What does the acrosome release?
The enzyme hyaluronidase
What does hyaluronidase act upon and what does this facilitate?
hyaluronic acid
the fertilization process
What does the middle piece contain?
1-The mitochondrial spiral (provides energy)
2-The axial filament (provides support)
What structure does the tail include?
The flagella-like tail used for motility.
What are the three various types of yolk distribution that ova are described according to?
1- Isolecithal
2- Telolecithal
3- Centrolecithal
What is an isolecithal yolk distribution?
An even yolk distribution throughout the egg.
(Humans and most other mammals)
What is a telocithal yolk distribution?
The yolk is distributed at one end of the cell.
(Reptiles, birds, and amphibians)
What is a discoidal yolk distribution?
Another term for a telocithal yolk distrubution.
What is a centroloithal yolk distribution?
Yolk distributed in the center of the egg.
(Arthropods and insects)
What are the amount of yolk in an egg and the distribution of that yolk major detriminants of?
The course of embryonic development.