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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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1st characteristic of science |
It is guided by natural law |
What is it guided by? |
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What is the 2nd characteristic of science |
It must be explanatory by reference to natural law |
A natural cause must be used to explain why or how the naturally occurring result or experimental subject happens. (Cannot be supernatural) 3 |
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3rd characteristic of science |
It's conjectures are testable against the empirical world |
Everything is falsifiable! If anyone can find a better explanation, than a theory can change. |
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4th characteristic of science |
Its conclusions are tentative and not necessarily the final word |
The final word is not the LAST word... |
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5th characteristic of science |
It is falsifiable |
It can be rejected... |
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1st step in scientific method |
Observation |
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2nd step in scientific method |
Question |
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3rd step in scientific method |
Hypothesis |
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4th step in scientific method |
Prediction |
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5th step in scientific method |
Empirical test |
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6th step of scientific method |
Conclusions |
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7th step of scientific method |
Publication |
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Phylogeny |
The history of organisms lineages as they change through time |
Think history and ancestors |
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Lineage |
Descent from an ancestor |
Think WAAAY back family history...what is this called? |
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Evolution |
Gradual development of something. Especially from a simple to a more complex form |
Changing from simple to complex |
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Organic evolution |
The irreversible, historical change that we observe in living populations & in the earths fossils record |
It is the keystone of biological knowledge! |
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Hypothesis vs. theory |
Hypothesis - an ATTEMPT to explain a phenomenon
Theory - along w testing, observations, and evidence, a hypothesis forms the basis of a theory |
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1st stage of the Theory of evolution & explain! |
Perpetual change - history of ongoing change in the world, w/ hereditary continuity from past to present life |
This is a fact |
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2nd stage of The Theory of evolution & explain! |
Common descent - a group of organisms share common ancestor |
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3rd stage of The Theory Of Evolution & explain! |
Multiplication of species - evolution produces new species by splitting & transforming older ones |
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4th stage of The Theory Of Evolution & explain! |
Gradualism - states that large differences in traits among species originate by accumulation of many small changes over very long periods of time |
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5th stage of The Theory Of Evolution |
Natural selection - a natural process by which populations accumulate favorable characteristics throughout long periods of evolutionary time |
Survival of the fittest/adaptation |
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Multicellular |
Consists of more than one cell |
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How many chromosomes in a human? |
23, 46 total |
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Homozygous |
AA |
Double of the same... |
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Heterozygous |
Aa |
Double of the same, however...
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Allele |
One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome |
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Charles Darwin: what was his theory and what book did he publish |
The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection, "On the Origin of Species" |
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Alfred Wallace: what was his theory and why was he not as remembered as Charles Darwin |
Theory of evolution by natural selection. Because Charles Darwin thought of it first and he owned that |
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Lamarck: what was his theory and why is it considered to be false? |
His theory was called "Transformational", and it was that animals ancestors passed on traits to create the animals we see today. & this is false because animals don't pass on traits for to offspring. It happens over time (gradualism) |
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Charles Lyell: what was his theory and what we're it's 2 principles |
Uniformitarianism - physical/chemical laws cannot be changed - energy cannot be created nor destroyed |
Big word and guided by natural law (1st characteristic of science) |
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What did the experience on the "Beagle" give to Charles Darwin? What were some animals he saw? |
He learned that he wanted to explore his questions. He got to see species in an unknown habitat and see how they worked. Giant tortoises, marine iguanas, mockingbirds, and ground finches. |
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What does falsifiable mean? |
It can be proven wrong |
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What is the hypothetic-deductive method? |
A proposed description of the scientific method. Proposing a hypothesis in a form that could be proved false by test on observable data |
Think hypothesis and think falsifiable |
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Phenotype |
Traits you can physically see on someone |
"PHysical" Eye color Hair color Etc |
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Genotype |
Any traits you can't physically see |
"GEnetic traits" |
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Speciation |
The biology of new and distinct species in the course of evolution is |
Think fruit fly example Flys lay eggs on bundle of bananas Those bananas get washed away w eggs on them Banana bunch arrives on diff island and the eggs hatch Island ecological conditions are different resulting in the flys evolving differently than mainland flys Another hurricane strikes and the offspring meet up with the mainland However they don't mate bc they are different species |
