Zoology Exam 3 Review (1)

Front 1

Big things about Phylum arthropoda?

Back 1

-Largest phylum
-Only invertebrate phylum that has invaded terrestrial environment
-Insects: only flying invertebrates
-2/3 of all arthropods are insects

Front 2

tagmatization (See tagmatum)

Back 2

fusion of segments into one discrete structure

Front 3

What is the tagmatum of a lobster called?

Back 3

carapace

Front 4

arthropods have a reduced coelom in adult: body cavity consists mostly of _____ (______) filled with blood

Back 4

hemocoel (spaces in tissue)

Front 5

Arthropods have a _________ which contains protein, lipid, chitin, and often calcium carbonate secreted by underlying epidermins and shed (molted) at intervals; although chitin occurs in a few groups other than arthropods, its use it better developed in arthropods

Back 5

cuticular exoskeleton

Front 6

Arthropods have a _______ digestive system. their mouthparts are modified from ancestral appendages and adapted for different methods of feeding; gut tube shows great specialization by having chitinous teeth, compartments, and gastric ossicles

Back 6

complete

Front 7

Arthropods have a _________ MUSCULAR system, with ________ for attachment, _______________ for rapid actions, and _________ for visceral organs. Have no _____

Back 7

complex, exoskeleton, striated muscles, smooth muscles, cilia

Front 8

Well-developed ______ organs; behavioral patterns much more complex than those of most invertebrates

Back 8

sensory

Front 9

In arthropods, the sexes are usually ______, with paired reproductive organs and ducts

Back 9

separate

Front 10

oviparous

Back 10

young are laid in eggs (not yet alive)

Front 11

ovoviviparaous

Back 11

a mixture of oviparity and viviparity

Front 12

viviparous

Back 12

young are born alive (not egg-lain)

Front 13

Arthropods have paired _________ glands called _____, ____, or _____ glands.

Back 13

excretory, coxal, antennal, maxillary

Front 14

Other arthropods have excretory organs called ______ tubules.

Back 14

Malpighian

Front 15

How to arthropods respire?

Back 15

by body surface, gills, tracheae (air tubes), or book lungs

Front 16

arthropods have a(n) ______ circulatory system, with dorsal contractile heart, arteries and hemocoel (blood sinuses)

Back 16

open

Front 17

Subphylum Trilobita is so named because..?

Back 17

it's body is formed into three lobes LONGITUDINALLY.
They represent some of the earliest forms of arthropods (all are extinct)

Front 18

Label/Class?

Back 18

Subphylum Trilobita

Front 19

Characteristics of Subphylum Chelicerata?

And what are the two classes associated with Chelicerata?

Back 19

Four pairs of legs
First pair of appendages are modified to form chelicerae*.
No antennae.
No mandibles.
Cephalothorax and abdomen often with segments fused.

Merostomata and Pycnogonida

Front 20

Characteristics of class Merostomata? (Subphylum?)

Back 20

(Chelicerata)
Aquatic
Compound lateral eyes
appendages with gills

Front 21

Extinct "giant scorpion"?

Back 21

(Class - Merostomata)
SUBCLASS** -> Eurypterids

Front 22

What subclass contains the Horseshoe crab? (What class?)

Back 22

(Class Merostomata)
Subclass - Xiphosurida
NOT EXTINCT**

Front 23

Label/Class?

Back 23

Class - Merostomata
Subclass - Xiphosurida

Front 24

A horseshoe crab uses its ______ to orient itself, provide extra defense, and locomote.

Back 24

telson

Front 25

Three classes of Chelicerata?

Back 25

Merostomata
Pycnogonida
Arachnida

Front 26

Sea spiders are a part of class ______, (Subphylum?)

Back 26

(Subphylum Chelicerata)
Class Pycnogonida

Front 27

Label/Subphylum/Class

Back 27

Celicerata/Pycnogonida

Front 28

What organisms belong to class Arachnida? (Subphylum?)

Back 28

(Subphylum: Chelicerata)
-scorpions, spiders, mites, ticks, and harvestmen

Front 29

Characteristics of Arachnida?

Back 29

four pairs of legs;
segmented or unsegmented abdomen with or without appendages and generally distinct from cephalothorax
respiration by gills, trachae, or book lungs
excretion by Malpighian tubules or coxal glands
dorsal bilobed brain connected to ventral ganglionic mass with nerves
simple eyes
sexes separate
chiefly oviparous
no true metamorphosis

Front 30

Label/Class?

Back 30

Arachnida (Subphylum Chelicerata)

Front 31

What is it called whenever the spider injects its prey and returns later to suck out the dissolved organs?

Back 31

saprozoic feeding

Front 32

The cavity through which blood flows in an Arachnida and in which organs are located

Back 32

hemocoel

Front 33

The blood of an arthropod?

Back 33

hemolymph

Front 34

The communication of Arachnids in courtship rituals

Back 34

semaphorant signaling

Front 35

role of silk in spiders?

Back 35

make web to catch stuff
wrap prey up
ballooning (afixation to a stable structure that then flies away)

Front 36

The cover over the female gonopore on the anterior end of the epistosoma

Back 36

epigynum

Front 37

Unique structure that scorpions have located on ventral surface at the junction of prosoma and epistosoma.
For sexual recognition and feeding

Back 37

pectines

Front 38

Sexual dimorphism in scorpions?

Back 38

females are larger and have small pectines
males are smaller and have larger pectines

Front 39

Scorpions belong to what class?

Back 39

Arachnida

Front 40

Mites are a part of what class?

Back 40

Arachnida

Front 41

Ticks belong to what class?

Back 41

Arachnida

Front 42

Label/Class?

Back 42

Arachnida

Front 43

Crustaceans have a _______ larva stage

Back 43

nauplius

Front 44

Label/What is it?

Back 44

H.A.M. (Hypothetical Ancestral Malacostraca)

Front 45

Shrimps, Crazyfishes, Lobsters, and crabs are part of class ________.

Back 45

Malacostraca (soft + shell)

Front 46

Other name for Hypothetical Ancestral Malacostraca (H.A.M.)?

Back 46

caridoid facies

Front 47

How many "Walking legs" do Malacostracans have?

Back 47

TEN. (Also known as decapods). The first pair of legs is called the Cheliped with a Chela ("pincher") on the end.

Front 48

Malacostracans have _______ which aid in holding eggs during development.

Back 48

swimmerets

Front 49

derived from the same embryonic tissue?

Back 49

homology

Front 50

repeated parts limbs/parts all derived from the same embryonic tissue

Back 50

serial homology

Front 51

Back 51

Front 52

Label/Class?

Back 52

Malacostracan

Front 53

ventral portion of the exoskeleton

Back 53

sternum

Front 54

dorsal portion of the exoskeleton

Back 54

tergum

Front 55

connection of dorsal and ventral portions of the exoskeleton

Back 55

pleura

Front 56

Label/Class?

Back 56

Malacostracan

Front 57

increase the surface area inside the exoskeleton of a Malacostracan for the muscles to attach to.

Back 57

apodemes

Front 58

The first two swimmerets of a Malacostracan are modified ONLY in _______ (for copulation).

Back 58

males

Front 59

6 segments of a Malacostracan mouth area anterior --> posterior?

Back 59

mandible, first maxilla, second maxilla, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd, maxillapeds

Front 60

Malacostracans have two stomachs: the _______ stomach and the _______ stomach.

Back 60

Cardiac, Pyloric

Front 61

A chitonized toothy structure between the cardiac and pyloric stomach

Back 61

Gastric mill

Front 62

Daphnia exhibit _________, changing their morphology depending on population densities.

Back 62

cyclomorphosis

Front 63

Leaf-like appendages on daphnia and fairy shrimp used for locomotion and respiration

Back 63

phyllopodia

Front 64

appendages of hexapoda are attached to the _______.

Back 64

thorax

Front 65

Kind of (hopping) locomotion that grasshoppers exhibit

Back 65

saltatorial

Front 66

Female grasshoppers have an ___________.

Back 66

ovipositor

Front 67

Describe respiration tract of insects..

Back 67

spiracles --> trachea --> tracheoles
(Simple Diffusion)

Front 68

The metamorphological changes that take place in a butterfly are _________.

Back 68

holometabolous

Front 69

________ have two pair of appendages per somite.

Back 69

diplopoda (millipedes)

Front 70

________ have one pair of appendages per somite.

Back 70

chilopoda (centipedes)