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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sessile
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Attached to substrate; not moving
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What are spicules and what are they made of?
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A bone like structure in sponges that provides support; made from silica and calcium carbonate
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Nematocyst
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Specialized stinging cells found in cnidarians that are used for defense and hunting
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What are the advantages of bilateral symmetry?
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-Cephalization
-Increased mobility |
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What are the two forms of locomotion for platyhelminthes?
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-Cilia
-Musculature |
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Why is the digestive system of platyhelminthes incomplete and what are the disadvantages?
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-There is only one opening
-They cannot feed continuously |
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Is it possible to differentiate between sexes among platyhelminthes?
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No. They are hermaphroditic.
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How do tapeworms digestive systems differ from other platyhelminthes?
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-They don't have a digestive system
-They absorb nutrients through their cell walls |
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What are the two types of parasitic lifestyles and define each?
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-Direct: only occupies one host during the span of its life
-Indirect: occupies at least two hosts during the span of its life |
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What is a cladogram?
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A tree-like graph created as a representation of evolution
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Cladistics
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Organization of morphological characteristics
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Systematics
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The study of evolutionary relationships.
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Stylet
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A straw-like feeding structure found on nematodes.
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Which class of Mollusca does not have an open circulatory system?
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Cephalopoda
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Name the cell that allows cephalopods to change colors.
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Chromatophores
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How do gastropods breathe?
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Terrestrial gills remove oxygen from body fluid.
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Define tortion and provide the class of Mollusca that it takes place in.
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When the mantle cavity and anus moves from the posterior end of the organism to the anterior end. Takes place in snails.
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Which cephalopod does not have an internal shell?
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Octupii
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Ctenidia
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Gills
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Septae
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Internal walls that separate each segment. Found in Annelids
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Parapodia
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Feet-like structures used for movement. Found in Polychaete worms(two per segment)
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Which class of annelida has the most distinct head?
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Polychaeta
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Clitellum
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Copulatory organ found in earthworms.
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Chaete
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Small bristle-like structures that give earthworms traction
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The most proficient Phyla
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Arthropoda
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The second most proficient Phyla
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Mollusca
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What is the main feature that distinguishes arthropods from other organisms?
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Jointed Appendages
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What are the two functions of the exoskeleton found in arthropods?
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-Protection
-Muscle Attachment |
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Describe the respiratory system of arthropods.
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They breathe through holes in the sides of their bodies called spiracles. The air moves from the trachae to the trachaeoles where the gas transfer takes place.
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Name the two Phylums of deuterostomes
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Chordates and Echinoderms
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The three types of metamorphosis
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Simple
Complete Incomplete |
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Setae
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hair-like organs found on insects that can detect chemical and mechanical signals
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Tympanal Organs
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Organs found in insects that have a membrane similar to a human ear and can detect vibrations(sound)
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What are the differences between centipedes and millipedes?
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Centipedes are carnivorous and have a poisonous bite. They have a flat body and only one pair of legs per segment
Millipedes are herbivores, have a rounded body, and have two pairs of legs per body segment. |
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Biramous
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Having two joints. Refers to the legs of insects.
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Proglottids
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The segments making up tapeworms. They are not considered segmented worms because the segments are not of equal length
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Scolex
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The attachment organ found on Cestoda that allow them to fasten themselves to their prey
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What is the intermediate host in dogs and cats?
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Fleas
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What is a discrete brain and what organisms is it found in?
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A discrete brain acts as an inhibitor rather than a stimulator. It is found in Arthropods.
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Ecdysis
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Molting of the cuticle in arthropods
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What are the two tagmata found found in Subphylum Chelicerae?
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Prosoma(Cephalothorax): all the appendages are attached here
Opisthosoma: reproductive organs |
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Ocelli
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Simple eyes
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