Zoology 250 Test 1 Chp 1-5

Front 1

Transporters

Back 1

1. moveions & molecules across membrane 2.active & passive transport

Front 2

Channels

Back 2

1. allowions to cross membrane 2. passive transport

Front 3

Receptors

Back 3

1. bind signaling molecules

2. transfer information across membrane

Front 4

endocytosis(pinocytosis / phagocytosis)

Back 4

move things into a cell

Front 5

exocytosis

Back 5

move things out of a cell

Front 6

microvilli

Back 6

increases surface area of a cell, has actin (protein) in it

Front 7

cilia

Back 7

move fluid at surface of a cell

Front 8

flagella

Back 8

moves a cell

Front 9

centrioles

Back 9

cell division

Front 10

transcription

Back 10

happens in the nucleus

needs transcription factors

DNA template makes mRNA

Front 11

translation

Back 11

happens in the cytosol (cytoplasm)

needs ribosomes

mRNA template makes protein

Front 12

genetic code

Back 12

codon

triplet with 3 bases

code for one amino acid

Front 13

Rough ER

Back 13

translation on ribosomes

protein transport

Front 14

smooth ER

Back 14

produce and secrete lipids

detoxification

Front 15

ribosomes

Back 15

make proteins

Front 16

tight junctions

Back 16

no movement of molecules between cells

ex. gastrointestinal tract

Front 17

desmosomes (belts)

Back 17

strong intercellular attachments that allows cells to move together as a sheet

ex. skin

Front 18

gap junctions

Back 18

intercellular connections between cytoplasms of adjacent cells

ex. epithelian tissue, heart muscle smooth muscle

Front 19

epithelial layers

Back 19

simple– single cell layer pseudostratified – single / several cell layer stratified– many cell layer

Front 20

epithelial cell types

Back 20

squamous– flat cuboidal – cube shaped columnar – long & tall

Front 21

Simple Squamous Epithelial tissue

Back 21

small intestines

Front 22

Simple cuboidal epithelial tissue

Back 22

kidney tubules

Front 23

simple columnar epithelial tissue

Back 23

small intestines

Front 24

pseudo-stratified epithelial tissue

Back 24

trachea

Front 25

stratified squamous epithelial tissue

Back 25

epidermis

vagina

Front 26

stratified cuboidal epithelial tissue

Back 26

sweat gland

Front 27

glands

Back 27

endrocrine (hormones)

exocrine

acinus

duct

Front 28

exocrine glands

Back 28

(1) simple coiled tubular, e.g., sweatgland (2)compound acinar, e.g., mammary gland (3)compound tubuloacinar,e.g., pancreas

Front 29

exocrine glands

types of secretions

Back 29

1. Serous – thin, watery secretions e.g.,sweat, saliva, tears 2. Mucous – thick, sticky secretions e.g.,small intestine, saliva

Front 30

exocrine glands

mechanisms of secretions

Back 30

1. Merocrine (aka,eccrine) – secretory vesicles e.g.,sweat, saliva, tears 2. Apocrine – loses part of cell (membrane &cytoplasm) e.g.,sweat, mammary glands 3. Holocrine – whole cell is lost e.g.,sebaceous gland (skin hair follicles)

Front 31

connective tissue types

Back 31

A)connective tissue proper B) fluid connective tissue C) supporting connective tissue

Front 32

connective tissue proper

Back 32

loose(areolar & reticular) dense (regular & irregular)

Front 33

loose areolar connective tissue proper

Back 33

found in mesentery, adipose tissue, and female breasts

Front 34

loose reticular connective tissue proper

Back 34

spleen

Front 35

dense regular connective tissue proper

Back 35

tendons

Front 36

dense irregular connective tissue proper

Back 36

dermis

Front 37

fluid connective tissue

Back 37

blood & lymph

Front 38

blood

Back 38

plasma+cells

Front 39

blood cells

Back 39

(1) red blood cells (RBCs), aka,erythrocytes – w/ hemoglobin for O2transport (2) white blood cells (WBCs) – immunesystem (3)platelets – not cells, but cell fragments – blood clotting

Front 40

lymphatic cells

Back 40

white blood cells

Front 41

supporting connective tissue

Back 41

cartilage (hyaline, elastic,fibrocartilage) bone(compact & spongy)

Front 42

hyalone cartilahge

Back 42

bronchus

Front 43

elastic cartilage

Back 43

ear

Front 44

fibrocartilage

Back 44

intervertebral disc

Front 45

compact bone tissue

Back 45

outer layer of skeleton

Front 46

spongy bone tissue

Back 46

below compact bone

Front 47

membranes

Back 47

epithelial tissue+connective tissue

Front 48

membrane types

Back 48

1. serous

2.mucous

3.cutaneous

4.synovial

Front 49

serous membranes

Back 49

· secretes serous fluid (aka,transudate) e.g., pericardium & pleura &peritoneum

Front 50

mucus membranes

Back 50

· secretes mucus · e.g., digestive & respiratory tracts

Front 51

cutaneous membrane

Back 51

· secretes sebum · e.g., skin (cutaneous membrane)

Front 52

synovial membrane

Back 52

· secretes synovial fluid · e.g., synovial joints

Front 53

muscle tissue types

Back 53

skeletal

cardiac

smooth

Front 54

skeletal tissue

Back 54

· striated · multinucleated · no gap junctions · attaches to bone or skin

Front 55

cardiac tissue

Back 55

· striated · single nucleus · gap junctions · cells connected at intercalated discs

Front 56

smooth tissue

Back 56

· non-striated · single nucleus · gap junctions · in walls of viscera, blood vessels