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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
_ drug acts on the hypothalamus
|
clomiphene +
|
|
_ drug acts on anterior pituitary
|
oral contraceptives -
|
|
_ drug acts on P-450 in women, thereby affecting _
|
ketoconazole -'s P-450
inhibiting: --testosterone --androstenedione |
|
_ drugs inhibit testosterone from the testis (in the diagram in FA)
|
ketoconazole
spironolactone |
|
_ inhibits aromatase
|
anastrazole
|
|
_ inhibits 5alpha-reductase
|
finasteride
|
|
_ drug inhibits androgen-receptor complex
|
flutamide
spironolactone |
|
leuprolide mechanism
|
GnRH analog
agonist when pulsatile antagonist when used continuously |
|
a GnRH analog
|
leuprolide
|
|
leuprolide rx
|
infertility (pulsatile use)
prostate cancer --continuous use --use with flutamide uterine fibroids |
|
leuprolide
s/e |
antiandrogen
nausea vomiting |
|
testosterone
two interesting clinical uses |
anabolism to promote recovery after burn or injury
treat ER-positive breast cancer |
|
testosterone s/e
|
inhibits release of LH
--> gonadal atrophy --> reduces intratesticular testosterone premature closure of epiphyseal plates ^ LDL v HDL |
|
antiandrogens include
|
finasteride
flutamide ketoconazole spironolactone |
|
finasteride mechanism
|
5alpha-reductase inhibitor
|
|
finasteride rx
|
BPH
baldness |
|
flutamide
moa |
nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgens at the testosterone receptor
|
|
flutamide rx
|
prostate carcinoma
|
|
ketoconazole moa
|
inhibits steroid synthesis
(inhibits desmolase) |
|
spironolactone moa
|
inhibits steroid binding
|
|
_ antiandrogens are used to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome
to prevent _. their side effects include _ |
ketoconazole
spironolactone hirsutism gynecomastia amenorrhea |
|
estrogens include
|
ethinyl estradiol
DES mestranol |
|
estrogens an interesting clinical use
|
use in men with androgen-dependent prostate cancer
|
|
estrogens s/e
|
^ risk of endometrial cancer
bleeding in postmenopausal women ^ risk of thrombi |
|
estrogens contraindications
|
ER-receptive breast cancer
history of DVTs |
|
estrogen partial agonists include
|
clomiphene
tamoxifen raloxifene |
|
estrogen partial agonists are aka
|
SERMs
|
|
SERMS are aka
|
estrogen partial agonists
|
|
clomiphene is a _
|
estrogen partial agonist
|
|
clomiphene moa
|
partial agonist at estrogen receptors
in hypothalamus --prevents normal feedback inhibition -- ^ release of LH and FSH from pituitary --> stimulates ovulation |
|
clomiphene rx
|
infertility
PCOS |
|
clomiphene
s/e |
hot flashes
ovarian enlargement multiple simultaneous pregnancies visual disturbances |
|
tamoxifen
mechanism |
estrogen antagonist on breast tissue
|
|
tamoxifen
use |
treat ER-positive breast cancer
|
|
raloxifene
moa |
estrogen agonist on bone
reduces resorption |
|
raloxifene
rx |
osteoporosis
|
|
^ estrogen --> what bone effects
|
v osteoclast activity
|
|
unopposed estrogen replacement therapy -->
|
^ risk of endometrial cancer
|
|
aromatase inhibitors
|
anastrozole
exemestane |
|
anastrozole
exemestane moa |
aromatase inhibitors
|
|
anastrozole
exemestane rx |
postmenopausal women with breast cancer
|
|
progestins
moa |
endometrium:
--reduce growth -- ^ vascularization |
|
progestins rx
|
oral contraceptives
endometrial cancer uterine bleeding |
|
mifepristone is aka
|
RU-486
|
|
RU-486 is aka
|
mifepristone
|
|
mifepristone
moa |
competitive inhibitor of progestins
|
|
mifepristone
is given with _ |
misoprostol (PGE1)
|
|
misoprostol is a _
|
PGE1
|
|
mifepristone
s/e |
heavy bleeding
nausea vomiting anorexia abdominal pain |
|
oral contraceptives
moa |
prevent estrogen surge and LH surge
--> ovulation does not occur |
|
advantages of oral contraception
|
v risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer
v incidence of ectopic pregnancy v pelvic infections |
|
oral contraception
sxs |
depression
weight gain nausea hypertension |
|
contraindications for oral contraception
|
smokers > 35 yrs old
(^ risk of cardiovascular events) history of --thromboembolism --stroke --estrogen-dependent tumor |
|
oral contraception
lab findings |
^ triglycerides
hypercoagulable state |
|
a PGE2 analog used in obstetrics
|
dinoprostone
|
|
a PGE1 analog used in obstetrics
|
misoprostol
|
|
dinoprostone moa
|
PGE2 analog
|
|
dinoprostone
rx |
it causes
cervical dilation uterine contraction labor |
|
beta2 _ that have _ effect on the uterus include _
|
beta2 agonists
relax the uterus ritodrine terbutaline |
|
ritodrine
terbutaline moa |
beta2 agonists
relax the uterus |
|
tamsulosin moa
|
alpha-1 antagonist
selective for alpha 1A,D (found on prostate) inhibits smooth muscle contraction |
|
alpha receptors found on prostate: _
|
alpha 1A,D
|
|
vascular alpha receptors: _
|
alpha 1B
|
|
sildenafil
vardenafil s/e |
headache
impaired blue-green color vision flushing dyspepsia risk of life-threatening hypotension in pts taking nitrates |