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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are 4 porposes of sutures?
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ligate, secure drains, temp closure of an orifice, closure of wounds
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Although there isn't one, what would the properties of an ideal suture material be (8)?
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non-reactive, easy to handle, monofilament, easy to sterilize, high knot strength, lack of memory, absorbs in a predictable manner, economical
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RE suture sizes, the suture does not need to be any stronger than the ___ on which it is used.
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tissue
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Re: suture material, the knot security ___ as the size increases.
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decreases
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If suture sizes are 2,1,0,2-0,3-0,4-0, whic h is the thinnest?
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4-0, finest avail is 9-0
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What are two types of sutures?
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absorbable and non-absorbable
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What are three features of absorbable suture material?
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digested and assimilated by the body, doesn't req suture removal, produces some degree of tissue reaction
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What are 3 situations in which absorbable suture material may be used?
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Internal sutures, when animal is factious, in an area where removal would be difficult (near eye)
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Name 4kinds of absorbable suture material
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Surgical/CAT gut, PGA, PLA, PDS
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What does CAT stand for?
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Chromic-Acid Treated
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What is surgical/CAT gut made from?
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submucosal layer of sheep or hog intestine
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Why is CAT gut treated w/ chromic acid?
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prolong absorption time, decrease soft tissue reaction
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How long does it take plain gut to absorb? CAT gut?
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plain - 3-5 days
CAT - 10-15 day |
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What are some advantages of surgical/CAT gut?
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easy to handle, ties well: good knot security, economical
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What are some disadvantages ofsurgical/CAT gut?
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hydroscopic(swells), tissue reaction, strong capillary reaction
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What is PGA suture material?
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Polyglycolic Acid (Dexon), aborbable, is a synthetic suture made in fine threads then woven into suture material of different guages.
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How long does PGA retain its strength?
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2-3 weeks
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What are some advantages of PGA? disadvantages?
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handles well, low tissue reaction
knotslippage, high tissue drag |
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What is PLA?
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Polygalactica 910 (Vicryl or Polymend) - similar to PGA, synthetic, braided or monofilament, retains strength 3 weeks absorbed in 90 days
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What is PDS? Unique feature?
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Polydioxanone (Monomend), synthetic monofilament, longest lasting absorbable suture avail
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What are some advantages of PDS? disadvantages?
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+ - low tissue drag, good retention of strength, monofilament, long lasting
- expensive, high memory, knot slippage |
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What are 6 kinds of non-absorbable suture materials?
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silk, nylon, polypropylene, polyester fibers, ploymerized caprolactam, metal
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What are the four groups of non-absorbable suture materials?
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silk & cotton, braided synthetics, monofilament synthetics, metal
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What happens to non-aborbable sutures if they are burried?
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become encysted
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Why is braided silk usually preferred over monofilament?
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stronger and easier to handle
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+/- of silk?
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+ high tensile strength, easy to handle, excellent knot stability, inexpensive, easy to sterilize
- capillary action, mod high tissue reaction |
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What are silk sutures used for?
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cardiovascular & ophthalmic surgery
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What is a general disadvantage for all synthetic non-absorbable suture materials?
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Req many throws due to poor knot security
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What synthetic non-absorbable suture material has many uses including skin and fascia?
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polypropylene (Prolene)
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What synthetic non-absorbable suture material are teflon or silicon coated?
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Polyester fibers (Mersilene, Dacron)
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What synthetic non-absorbable suture material is a twisted synthetic fiber w a smooth coating & is dispensed on a roll w/o a needle attached?
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Polymerized caprolactam (Vetafil)
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What synthetic non-absorbable suture material is made of surgical stainless steel?
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metal
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What suture materials are destroyed by autoclaving?
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gut, PDS, PLA, PGA (absorbables)
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What suture materials experience a decrease in strength when autoclaved?
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nylon, polyester, polypropylene
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Autoclaving is safe for what type of suture material?
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metal
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What sterilization methods are safe for all suture materials?
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Ethylene Oxide (gas), radiation (not common)
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What are two types of needle points?
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trocar and blunt
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What are three types of needle bodies?
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taper, cutting, reverse cutting
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what are 6 needle shapes?
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5/8 circle, 1/2 circle, 3/8 circle, 1/4 circle, 1/2 curve, straight
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What are two needle attachment methods?
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Eyed, swaged (pre-attached)
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The lower the number, the ___ the needle
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larger
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What are the two basic suture pattern types?
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interrupted and continuous
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Explain interrupted suture pattern
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Sutures that are tied or cut after one or two passages through the tissue
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Explain continuous suture pattern
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multiple passages through the tissue running from point of origin to some point distant, w/ a knot at each end
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What are some advantages of an interrupted suture pattern?
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maintains strength and tissue apposition if part of suture line fails, technique for each suture is easy & rapid
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What are some disadvantages of an interrupted suture pattern?
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uses more material, takes more time to complete suturing, increased foreign material in the body
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What are some advantages of a continuous suture pattern?
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ease of application, minimal suture material, easy to remove, more rapid closure of incisions
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What is the disadvantage of a continuous suture pattern?
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entire line breaks down if one component fils
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Name 4 kinds of interrupted suture patterns
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simple interrupted, horizontal mattress, vertical mattress, cruciate
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Name 6 kinds of continuous suture patterns
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simple continuous, Ford interlocking (blanket stitch), Lembert, Cushing, Connell, Cushing-Lembert (Parker-Kerr)
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What are special tension-relieving sutures?
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used when normal suture patterns would be subject to excessive tension or pressure (Stent & quill, Bunnell, Cerclage, Hemicerclage)
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What are subcuticular sutures?
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continuous horizontal suture pattern w/ the suture hidden w/i the dermis
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What are subcutaneous sutures?
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simple interrupted or continuous pattern used to close the fat layer below the skin
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