Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
256 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
abductor
|
Muscle that draws a bone away from the midline of the body
|
|
|
adductor
|
Muscle that draws a bone toward the midline of hte body
|
|
|
adho
|
downward
|
|
|
adho mukha
|
Downward-facing
|
|
|
afflictions
|
the five forms of suffering (kleshas)
|
|
|
agni
|
Fire
|
|
|
ahimsa
|
nonviolence
|
|
|
ajna chakra
|
third-eye chakra
|
|
|
akarna
|
to the ear
|
|
|
anahat chakra
|
heart chakra
|
|
|
ananda
|
ecstasy, bliss
|
|
|
ang
|
limb, body part
|
|
|
angusth
|
big toe
|
|
|
anjali mudra
|
palms together at the heart
|
|
|
Anjaneya
|
the monkey god
|
|
|
antara
|
Internal
|
|
|
antara kumbhaka
|
holding the breath after inhalation
|
|
|
anterior
|
forward or in front
|
|
|
anuloma
|
with the grain (movement or breathing)
|
|
|
apana
|
lower, downward
|
|
|
apana-vayu
|
downward moving prana
|
|
|
Apanasana
|
pelvic floor poses, wind relieving pose
|
|
|
aparigraha
|
non-covetousness. (one of the yamas)
|
|
|
ardha
|
half
|
|
|
asana
|
pose, seat
|
|
|
Astavakra
|
An Indian sage and Sanskrit scholar
|
|
|
asteya
|
not stealing (one of the yamas)
|
|
|
atman
|
The true self. Consciousness.
|
|
|
aum
|
aka OM. First described in the Upanishads as the origination and all-encompassing sound of the universe
|
|
|
avidya
|
ignorance
|
|
|
ayurveda
|
Ancient Indian Science of Life. Traditional Indian medicine
|
|
|
baddha
|
Bound
|
|
|
bahya
|
external
|
|
|
bahya kumbhaka
|
Suspension of the breath after complete exhalation
|
|
|
baka
|
crane
|
|
|
bandha
|
to bind. Energetic engagement
|
|
|
bhadra
|
peaceful or auspicious
|
|
|
Bhagavad Gita
|
Song of the Lord: a chapter in the epic Mahabharata and the most influential writing on yoga and spiritual philosophy
|
|
|
bhakti
|
practice of devotion
|
|
|
Bharadvaj
|
and Indian sage
|
|
|
Bharirava
|
and aspect of Shiva
|
|
|
bhastrika
|
Bellows used in a furnace. A pranayama where air is forcibly drawn in and out through the nostrils
|
|
|
bhaya
|
fear
|
|
|
bheka
|
frog
|
|
|
bhuja
|
arm or shoulder
|
|
|
bhujanga
|
cobra
|
|
|
bhujapida
|
pressure on the arm or shoulder
|
|
|
Brahma
|
God. The supreme being, the creator, the first deity of the Hindu trinity
|
|
|
brahmacharya
|
celibacy (one of the yamas)
|
|
|
brahman
|
infinite consciousness
|
|
|
buddhi
|
intellect
|
|
|
chakra
|
subtle energy center
|
|
|
chandra
|
moon
|
|
|
danda
|
staff or stick
|
|
|
dhanu
|
bow
|
|
|
dharana
|
mental concentraion (6th limg of Patanjali's ashtanga yoga)
|
|
|
dharma
|
virtuous duty
|
|
|
dhyana
|
meditation
|
|
|
dristana
|
dristi practice.
|
|
|
dristi
|
gazing point
|
|
|
dukha
|
pain, sorrow, grief
|
|
|
dwi
|
two
|
|
|
eke
|
one
|
|
|
ekagrata
|
one pointed mental focu
|
|
|
eka pada
|
one legged or one footed
|
|
|
Galava
|
an Indian sage
|
|
|
garuda
|
Eagle; name of the king of birds. Garuda is represented as a vehicle of Vishnu having white face, aquiline beak, red wings and a golden body
|
|
|
Gheranda
|
a sage, author of the Gheranda Samhita which is a classic work on hatha yoga
|
|
|
gomukha
|
cow face
|
|
|
funa
|
rope; something that binds. In yoga 3 intertwined properties in all phenomena: sattva rajas and tamas
|
|
|
guru
|
a spiritual preceptor. One who illuminates the spiritual path
|
|
|
hala
|
plough
|
|
|
Hanuman
|
the monkey god, son of Anjaneya and Vayu
|
|
|
hasta
|
hand or arm
|
|
|
Hatha yoga
|
physical purification practices first described in the 14th century CE in the Hatha Yoga Pradipika
|
|
|
ida
|
a nadi or channel of energy starting from the left nostril, through the crown of the head and descending to the base of the spine
|
|
|
Ishvara
|
the supreme being; Brahma with form
|
|
|
jalandhara bandh
|
chin lock
|
|
|
janu
|
knee
|
|
|
jathara
|
belly
|
|
|
jnana
|
Sacred knowledge derived from meditation on higher truths of religion and philosophy
|
|
|
kapala
|
skull
|
|
|
kapalabhati
|
skull cleansing (a pranayama technique)
|
|
|
kapha
|
one of the 3 ayurvedic humors
|
|
|
kapota
|
pigeon, dove
|
|
|
karma
|
Action.
|
|
|
karma yoga
|
The yoga of action.
|
|
|
karna
|
Ear.
|
|
|
karnapida
|
Ears squeezed.
|
|
|
klesha
|
Suffering due to ignorance, egoism, desire, hatred, or fear.
|
|
|
kona
|
Angle.
|
|
|
Koundinya
|
A sage.
|
|
|
krama
|
Sequence of moments; succession of moments; stage.
|
|
|
Krishna
|
An incarnation of Vishnu; a form of God.
|
|
|
kriya
|
Action; also various purification practices.
|
|
|
krouncha
|
Heron.
|
|
|
kukkuta
|
Rooster.
|
|
|
kumbhaka
|
Breath retention after a complete inhalation or exhalation.
|
|
|
kundalini
|
Pranic energy, symbolized as a coiled and sleeping serpent lying dormant in the lowest nerve center at the base of the spinal column; a form of Hatha yoga practice.
|
|
|
kurma
|
Turtle.
|
|
|
kyphosis
|
Forward curvature of the spine.
|
|
|
laghu
|
Simple; little; small; handsome.
|
|
|
lateral
|
Sideways; away from the midline of the body.
|
|
|
lateral rotation
|
See external rotation.
|
|
|
laya
|
To merge.
|
|
|
lola
|
To swing or dangle.
|
|
|
lordosis
|
Backward curvature of the spine.
|
|
|
lumbar spine
|
The vertebrae of the lower back.
|
|
|
mahabandha
|
The great lock.
|
|
|
Mahabharata
|
A major Sanskrit epic of ancient India. Containst he Bhagavad Gita and major elements of Hindu mythology
|
|
|
maha mudra
|
The great seal.
|
|
|
mala
|
Garland, wreath.
|
|
|
mandala
|
Spiritually significant concentric form used for meditation and rituals.
|
|
|
manduka
|
Frog.
|
|
|
manipura chakra
|
Navel chakra.
|
|
|
manos
|
The individual mind.
|
|
|
mantra
|
Sacred sound, thought, or prayer.
|
|
|
Marichi
|
A sage, one of the sons of Brahma.
|
|
|
Matsyendra
|
Lord of the fishes; a tantric adept.
|
|
|
maya
|
Illusion.
|
|
|
mayura
|
Peacock.
|
|
|
medial
|
Toward the midline of the body.
|
|
|
medial rotation
|
See internal rotation.
|
|
|
moksha
|
Liberation.
|
|
|
mudra
|
Seal; hand and finger positions; a specific combination of asana, pranayama, and bandha.
|
|
|
mukha
|
Face.
|
|
|
mula
|
Root, base.
|
|
|
mula bandha
|
Root lock; energetic engagement; sustained lifting of the perineum and levator ani.
|
|
|
muladhara chakra
|
Root chakra.
|
|
|
nadi
|
Literally “river”; energy channel.
|
|
|
nadi shodhana
|
Purification or cleansing of the nadis; pranayama technique for this purpose.
|
|
|
nakra
|
crocodile.
|
|
|
namaskara
|
Salutation; greeting.
|
|
|
nara
|
Man.
|
|
|
naravirala
|
Sphinx.
|
|
|
Nataraja
|
Dancing Shiva.
|
|
|
nauli
|
Physical purification technique involving churning the belly.
|
|
|
nava
|
Boat.
|
|
|
nidra
|
Sleep.
|
|
|
niyama
|
Second limb of Patanjali’s eight-limbed path. Consists of saucha, santosa, tapas, svadhyaya, and ishvarapranidhana.
|
|
|
origin (of muscles)
|
The end of a muscle that is closer to the body center.
|
|
|
pada
|
Foot or leg.
|
|
|
pada hasta
|
Hand( s) to feet.
|
|
|
padangustha
|
Big toe.
|
|
|
padma
|
Lotus.
|
|
|
parigha
|
Gate.
|
|
|
parigraha
|
Hoarding.
|
|
|
parinamavada
|
The constancy of change.
|
|
|
paripurna
|
Full.
|
|
|
parivrtta
|
Revolved; with a twist.
|
|
|
parsva
|
Side; flank; lateral.
|
|
|
paschimo
|
West; the back side of the body.
|
|
|
phalaka
|
Plank.
|
|
|
pincha
|
Chin; feather.
|
|
|
pinda
|
Fetus or embryo; body.
|
|
|
pingala
|
A nadi or channel of energy starting from the right nostril, moving to the crown of the head and downward to the base of the spine.
|
|
|
pitta
|
One of the three ayurvedic humors, sometimes translated as “bile.” posterior
|
|
|
prakriti
|
Nature; the original source of the material world, consisting of sattva, rajas, and tamas.
|
|
|
prana
|
Life force; sometimes refers to the breath.
|
|
|
pranayama
|
Breath control; breath expansion; the fourth limb of Ashtanga yoga.
|
|
|
prasarana
|
Sweeping movement of the arms.
|
|
|
prasarita
|
Spread out; stretched out.
|
|
|
prasvasa
|
Expiration.
|
|
|
pratikriyasana
|
Counterpose.
|
|
|
pratiloma
|
Against the hair; against the grain.
|
|
|
pratyahara
|
Independence of the mind from sensory stimulation; the fifth limb of Ashtanga yoga.
|
|
|
prishta
|
Back.
|
|
|
puraka
|
Inhalation.
|
|
|
purna
|
Complete.
|
|
|
purva
|
East; the front of the body.
|
|
|
purvottana
|
Intense stretch of the front side of the body.
|
|
|
raga
|
Love; passion; anger.
|
|
|
raja
|
King, ruler.
|
|
|
raja kapota
|
King pigeon.
|
|
|
rajas
|
Impulsive or chaotic thought; the aspect of movement in nature; one of the three gunas.
|
|
|
rechaka
|
Exhalation, emptying of the lungs.
|
|
|
sadhana
|
Practice for achievement.
|
|
|
sahasrara chakra
|
Thousand-petaled lotus chakra, located in the cerebral cavity.
|
|
|
sahita
|
Aided.
|
|
|
sahita-kumbhaka
|
Intentional suspension of breath.
|
|
|
salabha
|
Locust.
|
|
|
salamba
|
With support.
|
|
|
sama
|
Equal; same.
|
|
|
samadhana
|
Mental peace.
|
|
|
samadhi
|
Bliss; meditative absorption.
|
|
|
samasthihi
|
A state of balance.
|
|
|
samskara
|
Subconscious imprint.
|
|
|
samyama
|
Combined application of dharana, dhyana, and samadhi.
|
|
|
santosa
|
Contentment.
|
|
|
sarvanga
|
The whole body.
|
|
|
sattva
|
Light, order; one of the three elements of prakriti.
|
|
|
satya
|
Truth; one of the five yamas.
|
|
|
saucha
|
Purity; cleanliness.
|
|
|
sava
|
Corpse.
|
|
|
setu bandha
|
Bridge.
|
|
|
Shakti
|
Life force, prana; consort of Shiva; divine feminine energy.
|
|
|
shishula
|
Dolphin.
|
|
|
Shiva
|
A form of God in Hinduism; the destroyer of illusion.
|
|
|
simha
|
Lion.
|
|
|
sirsa
|
Head.
|
|
|
sitali
|
A cooling form of pranayama.
|
|
|
Slumpasana
|
Habitual collapse of the heart center associated with lackadaisical slumping of the spine and torso.
|
|
|
sukham
|
Comfort; ease; pleasure.
|
|
|
supta
|
Supine; sleeping.
|
|
|
surya
|
The sun.
|
|
|
sushumna
|
Central energy channel, located in the spinal column.
|
|
|
svadhisthana chakra
|
Seat of vital force, situated above the reproductive organs.
|
|
|
svana
|
Dog.
|
|
|
svasa
|
Inspiration.
|
|
|
Swatmarama
|
Author of the Hatha Yoga Pradipika, the original book on Hatha yoga.
|
|
|
tada
|
Mountain.
|
|
|
tamas
|
Dullness; inertia; ignorance; one of the three gunas.
|
|
|
tantra
|
The practice of using all energies, including the mundane, for spiritual awakening.
|
|
|
tapa
|
Austerity.
|
|
|
tapas
|
Heat; burning effort that involves purification, self-discipline, and austerity.
|
|
|
thoracic spine
|
The vertebrae of the rib cage.
|
|
|
tibia
|
Shinbone.
|
|
|
tiriang mukha
|
Backward-facing.
|
|
|
tittibha
|
Firefly.
|
|
|
tola
|
Balance; scales.
|
|
|
tri
|
Three.
|
|
|
trikona
|
Triangle.
|
|
|
ubhaya
|
Both.
|
|
|
udana
|
A prana vayu.
|
|
|
uddiyana
|
Upward flying; a bandha.
|
|
|
uddiyana bandha
|
Drawing the lower abdominal core in and up.
|
|
|
ujjayi
|
Victorious.
|
|
|
ujjayi pranayama
|
Basic yogic breathing.
|
|
|
Upanishad
|
To sit down near; ancient philosophical texts considered an early source of Hinduism.
|
|
|
upavista
|
Seated with legs spread.
|
|
|
urdhva
|
Upward.
|
|
|
ustra
|
Camel.
|
|
|
utkata
|
Awkward; powerful; fierce.
|
|
|
utputahi
|
Lifting up.
|
|
|
uttana
|
Upright intense stretch.
|
|
|
Uttanasana
|
Forward bend.
|
|
|
utthita
|
Extended.
|
|
|
vajra
|
Thunderbolt.
|
|
|
vakra
|
Crooked.
|
|
|
Vasistha
|
A Vedic sage.
|
|
|
vata
|
One of the three ayurvedic humors, sometimes translated as “wind.” vayu
|
|
|
Vedanta
|
Literally “end of the Vedas”; the dominant Hindu philosophical tradition.
|
|
|
Vedas
|
Oldest sacred texts of humankind.
|
|
|
vidya
|
Knowledge; learning; lore; science.
|
|
|
viloma
|
Against the hair; against the order of things.
|
|
|
vinyasa
|
To place in a special way; the conscious connection of breath and movement.
|
|
|
viparita
|
Inverted; upside down.
|
|
|
vira
|
Hero; brave.
|
|
|
Virabhadra
|
A warrior.
|
|
|
Vishnu
|
A primary form of God in Hinduism; governs preservation, balance, sustainability.
|
|
|
vishuddha chakra
|
Pure chakra; situated in the pharyngeal region.
|
|
|
vrksa
|
Tree.
|
|
|
vrschika
|
Scorpion.
|
|
|
vyana
|
A prana vayu.
|
|
|
yama
|
Restraint; contain; the first of the eight limbs of Ashtanga yoga, consisting of ahimsa, satya, brahmacharya, aparigraha, and asteya.
|
|
|
yoga
|
From the root yuj, meaning “to join,” “to yoke,” “to make whole.” yoga-robics
|
