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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Active volcano |
A volcano that is erupting or has erupted within historical time and is considered likely to do so in the future.
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Andesite
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A type of rock with an intermediate composition between basalt and rhyolite
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Ash
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Fine particles of rock dust blown from an explosion vent.
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Basalt
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A type of rock that is a dark, dense volcanic rock low in silica
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Caldera Volcano
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Is a huge basin-like depression formed by the collapse of the roof of a magma chamber that has been emptied by huge explosive eruptions. Orakei Basin and Panmure Basin
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Composite volcanoes
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Are steep sided and cone shaped, made up of layers of ash and lava and containing sticky lava which doesn't flow very far.
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Crater
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bowl shaped basin in the top of the volcano
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Crater
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A steep sided, usually circular depression formed by either explosion or collapse at a volcanic vent.
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Dormant volcano
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A volcano which is presently inactive but which may erupt again.
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Eruption
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The process by which solid, liquid, and gaseous materials are ejected into the earth's atmosphere and onto the earth's surface by volcanic activity.
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Extinct
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Unlikely to ever erupt again
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Hot spots
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Are extra hot places within the mantle where rocks melt to generate magma
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Igneous Rocks
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Are formed when magma cools and solidifies
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Lake Pupuke
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A volcano which erupted about 140,000 years ago on the North Shore
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Lava
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Is magma once it reaches the surface
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Lava flows
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Are degassed magma rises in the vent and bursts out from the side of the cone or breaches the crater rim
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Magma
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Molten rock beneath the surface of the earth.
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Magma chamber
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A pocket in the volcano where magma collects
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Maungakiekie
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One Tree Hill
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Maungawhau
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Mt Eden
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Meola or Te Tokaroa Reef
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Is the end of the longest lava flow (10km) in the Auckland field
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Modern uses of volcanoes in Auckland
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Parks and reserves, Quaries for rocks,
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Mt Smart
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Site of a large scoria cone, now a sports stadium
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Pumice
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A type of rock that is full of holes and represents the froth on top of the magma, floats on water
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Rangitoto
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Erupted 600 years ago in the Waitemata Harbour
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Rhyolite
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A low density high silica rock
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Ring of Fire
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The regions of mountain–building earthquakes and volcanoes which surround the Pacific Ocean from NZ to South America.
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Ruaumoko
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Unborn child of Papatuanuku the Maori Earth mother
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Scoria
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Dark or reddish coloured rock of basaltic lava froth. Has lots of holes called vesicles in it from gas bubbles
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Scoria Cones
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Are small, steep cones, usually with a deep central crater. Maungakiekie (One Tree Hill) and Maungawhau (Mt Eden)
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Secondary cones
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Are eruptions from other vents may build up secondary cones on the flanks
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Shield volcanoes
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Have gently sloping sides and runny lava that covers a wide area. Gases escape very easily from shield volcanoes.
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Tamaki Herenga |
Maori name for Auckland |
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Tuff ring
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a ring of volcanic ash surrounding an explosive crater. Auckland Domain and Lake Pupuke
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Vent
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A central tube which magma travels through
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Volcanic bombs
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Are blobs of hot lava which are thrown from a vent during a volcanic eruption
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Volcano
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Is an opening (or vent) in the surface of the earth or sea floor from which very hot melted rock (called magma) emerges
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Asthenosphere
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Below the crust at depths between ~80 and ~200 km
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lithosphere
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Out layer of the earth crust and outer layer of mantel
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tephra
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rock fragments ejected from volcano
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Pyroclastic
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The name of rocks and gas from a volcano
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Pukekawa
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The Domain
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Owairaka
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Mt Albert |
