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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Lipolysis
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Break down of TAG to fatty acids and glycerol.
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What are the 3 ketone bodies?
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Acetoacetate
Beta-hydroxybutyrate Acetone |
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Ketones are used by which tissues (3)
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Heart
Skeletal Muscles Brain |
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3 types of muscle fibres
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Slow Twitch (I)
Fast Twitch (IIA) Fast Twitch (IIB) |
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What is the system that uses Creatine phosphate to produce ATP called?
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Anaerobic alactic system
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Order of sequence of metabolism during exercise
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1. ATP/Creatine phosphate use
2. Anaerobic Glycolysis 3. Aerobic metabolism (Fat breakdown) |
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Which cells contain Glucose-6-Phosphatase? (3)
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1. Liver
2. Enterocytes 3. Kidney Cortex |
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Where are glycogen stored?
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Lover and Muscle
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Where does Gluconeogenesis mostly happen?
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In the liver
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Causes of Lactic Acidosis? (5)
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1. Convulsions and other extreme forms of exercise
2. Lack of Oxygen 3. Certain Liver Disease & Metabolic Disorders 4. Certain Toxins (CN-, EtOH) 5. Cancer |
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What compound can uncouple oxidative phosphorylation?
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Dinitrophenol (DNP)
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Effect of Insulin (5)
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1. Inhibits Glycogenolysis
2. Inhibits Gluconeogenesis 3. Promotes Glycogen synthesis 4. Promotes Triacylglycerol synthesis 5. Increase transport of glucose across cell membrane |
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Effect of Glucagon (4)
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1. Promotes Lipolysis and release of fatty acids & glycerol
2. Promotes Glycogenolysis and release of glucose 3. Promotes Protein Catabolism 4. Promotes Gluconeogenesis |
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Effect of Catecholamine Hormones (5)
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1. Promotes Lipolysis and release of fatty acids & glycerol
2. Promotes Glycogenolysis and release of glucose 3. Promotes Protein Catabolism 4. Promotes Gluconeogenesis 5. Palpitations, tachycardia, anxiety |
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Effect of Glucocorticoids (3)
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1. Promote Gluconeogenesis
2. Promote Proteolysis 3. Promote Lypolysis |
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Effect of Growth Hormone
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Increase plasma glucose levels.
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What are the 2 main types of starvation?
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1. Lack of Fuel. Calorie deficiency or marasmus
2. Lack of complete protein in diet. Protein deficiency or kwashiorkor. |
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Alcohol metabolism produces which 3 compounds?
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1. Acetyl-CoA
2. NADH 3. Acetaladehyde |
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Effect of Alcohol metabolism?
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High NADH slows kreb cycle
Acetyl-CoA increase and is turned into Fat and Ketone. High NADH also increase Lactate production. Alcohol also causes Hypoglycemia, which increases Fat that is taken up and stored by the liver. |
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What are the products of Methanol metabolism?
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Formaldehyde
Formic Acid |
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What is Sucrose
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Glucose and Fructose
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What is Lactose
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Glucose and Glactose
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Where are Fructose and Galactose mainly metabolized?
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The liver.
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What happens with Thaimin deficiency?
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Beriberi
Wet - Cardiovascular problem Dry - Neuropathy |
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What enzymes require Thaimin? (3)
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1. Pyruvate dehydrogenase
2. Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 3. Transketolase |
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What are the effects of Shoshin beriber?
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Life threatening lactic acidosis
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What is Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome?
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Occurs in people who have abnormal transketolase.
Wernicke: Disturbance of motor function and mental status Korsakoff: Memory dysfunction |
