Xjackie64

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Penicillins are excreted by? What drug blocks this?

Back 1

Urine via glomerular filtration and tubular secretion, probenecid

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Naficillin is excreted by

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Bile

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Ampicillin is excreted by

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Enterohepatic cycling

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Procaine and benzathine are administered how

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Intramuscuarly

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When do penicillins cross the blood brain barrier?

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When the meninges are inflamed

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Beta lactam mech

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Bind to PBPs in the cytoplasm, inhibit transpeptidation of the peptihlycan chain, activate automatic enzymes

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Beta lactam mech of resistance

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Beta lactamases and change in PBPs

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Penicillin G uses

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Streptococci, meningococcus, gram pos bacilli, spirochete a

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Drug of choice for syphilus

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Penicillin G

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Penicillin v uses

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Oropharyngeal infections

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Methicillin, nafcillin and oxacillin uses

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Staph, Mrsa, mrse

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In entercoccal iPad kisterial infections, ampicillin is synergistic with

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Amino glycosides

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Wide spectrum penicillase susceptible drugs

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Ampicillin and amoxicillin , piperacillin and tixarcillin

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Piperacillin and tixarcillin

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Pseudomonas, enterobacter, and klebsiella; synergistic with amino glycosides, use with penicillase inhibitors

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tazobactam, sulbactam, and clavulanic acid

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Penicillinase inhibitors

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Ampicillin reaction

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Maculopapular rash

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Penicillin toxicity

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Allergies and gi

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Ampicillin has been implicated in

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Pseudo membranous colitis

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Cefoperazone and ceftriaxone are excreted by

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Bile

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Cephalosporins mech

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Bind to PBPs on cell membrane, inhibit cell wall synthesis

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Methicillin resistant staph is resistant to

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Penicillin and cephalosporins

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Cefazolin (parenternal) and cephalexin (oral)

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First generation, gram pos cocci

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Cefotetan and cefoxitin

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Second generation, b. fragilis

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Chef amandine, cefuroxime, cefaclor

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Second generation, h. Influenza or m. Catarrhalis

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Second generation

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Mostly gram neg

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Ceftazidime, cefoperazone, and cefotaxime

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Third generation, increase gram negative organisms resistant to other beta lactams, penetrate blood brain barrier

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Pseudomonas drugs

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Cefoperazone and ceftazidime

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B fragilis drug

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Ceftizoxime

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Gonorrhea drugs

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Ceftriaxone and cefixime

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Drug that is as effective as a ten day course of amoxicillin in one dose

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Ceftriaxone

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Cefepime

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Forth generation, gram neg plus gram pos; enterobacter, hemophilia, inessential, penicillin resistant pneumococci

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Cross reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins is

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Incomplete

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Asterism

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Monobactum for gram neg only, binds to PBP3, synergistic with amino glycosides, can have gi upset, no cross allergenic it's with penicillin

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Carbapenems

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Impenem,merooenem, and ertapenem; gram pos, neg and anerobes;

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Impenem bin activated by

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Renal dehydropeptidase, fix with cilastatn

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Vancomycin binds to

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D ala d ala, prevents elongation of the peptidoglycan chain and interferes with cross linking

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Vancomycin resistance

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D ala d lactate

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Back up drug for treatment of clostridium difficlile

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Vancomycin

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Vancomycin toxicity

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Chills, fever, phlebitis, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, excreted in urine

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Teiplanin is similar to

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Vancomycin

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Fosfimycin

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Antimetabolite inhibitor of cytosolic enolpyruvate transferase, prevents formation of n-acetylmuramic acid in peptidgylcan chain formation, resistance by decreased intracellular accumulation, diarrhea common, synergistic with beta lactams and quinolone

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Bacitracin

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Interferes with late stage in cell wall synthesis in gram pos, topical

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Cycloserine

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Blocks the incorporation of d ala into pentapeptide side chain, neurotoxic, used only for tb

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Daptomycin

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Active against vancomycin resistant enterococcus and staphylococci, excreted by the kidney, creatine phosphkinase should be monitored