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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Myocyte energy supply
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Oxidative phosphorylation of fatty acids
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Lambl excrescences
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Small filiform processes on the closure lines of the aortic and mitral valves resulting from the organization of small thrombi
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Cardiac hype trophy is associated with the down regulation of? And up regulation of?
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MiR208
MiR195 |
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Characteristics of hypertrophy and or dilation
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Increase heart size and mass, increase protein synthesis, induction of immediate early genes, induction of fetal gene program, abnormal proteins, fibrosis, and inadequate vasculature
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Causes of left sided heart failure
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Ischemic heart disease, hypertension, aortic and mitral valve disease, myocardial disease
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Kerely b lines
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Caused by peri vascular and interstitial edema particularly in the inter lobar septa in the lungs
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Heart failure cells
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Hemodeserin laden macrophages that phagocytized red cells in the alveolar space
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Azotemia
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Impaired excretion of nitrogenous products
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Common cause of right sided heart fairlure
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Left sided heart failure
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Cor pulmonale
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Pure right sided heart failure caused by parenchymal diseases of the lung or secondary to vascular issues in the lungs or recurrent pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary hypertension
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Degree of cad block to cause symptoms during exercise? Rest?
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75
90 |
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Common location of plaque in stenosis cad
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First few cm of lad lcx and the entire length of RCA
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Printzmetal angina
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Corinary artery spasm, treat with nitro and calcium channel blockers
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How long until irreversible damage to cardiac myocytes
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20 to 30 mins
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Transmural infarct
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Ischemic necrosis involves the full thickness of the ventricular wall
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St elevation infarcts versus non st elevation infarcts
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St elevation-transmutation
Non st elevation-subendocardial |
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Gray white scar occurs when after an infarct
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2-3 weeks, full scar after two months
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Yellow infarct time
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1-10 days
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Lad
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Anterior wall of left ventricle near the apex, anterior portion of the ventricular septum, apex circumferentially
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Rca
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Inferior posterior portion of ventricular septum, inferior posterior right ventriclular free wall
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Lcx
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Lateral wall of left ventricle except at the apex
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Staining for cardiac necrosis
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Triphenyltetrazolium
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Typical changes in coagulating necrosis become detectable when
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6-12 hours
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Myocytolysis
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Large vacuoles within cells that probably contain water
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Contraction bands
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Eosinophil stripes of irreversibly injured sarcomeres
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Troop in I and t
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Rise at 2-4 hours and peak at 48 hours
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Mm
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Cardiac and skeletal muscle
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Bb
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Brain lung and othe tissues
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Creatin kinase mb
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Principally cardiac muscle, rises 2-4 hours, peaks at 24 hours, back to normal within 72 hours
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Sudden cardiac death is usually a consequence from
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Fatal arrhythmia
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Gene in long qt syndrome
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KCNQ1' decreased potassium current
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Cor pulminale caused by
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Pulmonary hypertension or emphysema
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