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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cytoskeleton generates force by two different mechanisms:
1. 2. |
1. Assembly/disassembly of cytoskeletal polymers
2. Cytoskeletal motor proteins |
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motor proteins have ... and ... domains
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head
tail |
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head is ATPase site where ... is hydrolyzed to ... and ...
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ATP
ADP Pi |
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head domain binds to either ... filaments or ...
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actin
microtubules |
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Movement of motor proteins is (multi-/uni-) directional
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uni-
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... is involved with actin filament based motility and is (plus/minus) -end directed
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myosin
plus |
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... is involved with microtubule based motility and is plus-end directed
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kinesins
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... is involved with microtubule based motility and is minus-end directed
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dyneins
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myosin ... and ... are the most abundant types of myosin in the body
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I
II |
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myosin ... consists of one head and a short tail
participate in endocytosis, found in microvilli and links ... laterally to the plasma membrane |
I
actin filaments |
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myosin ... has two heads and a coiled-coil tail and does:
1. 2. 3. |
II
1. muscle contraction 2. cytokinesis 3. cell crawling |
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kinesins are microtubules that transport ...
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cargo including organelles and chromosomes
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kinesins are important in separation of ... along the
metaphase plate |
mitotic chromosomes
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dynein composed of two heavy chains that correspond to the
... |
heads
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... move cargo along microtubules toward the minus ends
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dynein
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... important in movement of chromosomes towards mitotic spindle
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dynein
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the following describes ... :
Cyclic attachment/detachment coupled to ATP hydrolysis and conformational change -both heads move processively down microtubule toward plus end -two heads, each with reciprocal affinity for nucleotide (ATP or ADP) and microtubule |
kinesin walking
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the following describes what what kind of cell motility:
Whole cell movement (crawling) Phagocytosis Cytokinesis Contraction |
Actin filament-myosin based motility
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the following describes what kind of cell motility:
Ciliary and flagellar motility Cytoplasmic membranous organelles Movement of chromosomes |
Microtubule-motor protein based motility
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Antegrade-movement of membrane-bound particles toward the ... of a cell
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periphery
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Retrograde-movement of membrane-bound particles toward the ... of a cell
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center
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kinesin transports cargo to the (plus/minus) end and dynein transports cargo to the (plus/minus) end
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plus
minus |
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... pulls ER to periphery of cell and ... pulls golgi apparatus to center of cell
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kinesin
dynein |
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cilia and flagella movement are ... based and whole cell movement (crawling) is ... based
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microtubule
actin filament |
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... primary function is to move fluid over the surface of a cell and propagate regular waves along their length
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cilia
flagella |
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flagella are found only on ...
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sperm
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central microtubule complex of eukaryotic cilia and flagella with the characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of tubules is called ...
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axoneme
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in axonemes there are two rows of ... ‘arms’ found on the outer doublet microtubules that generate the ... motion
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dynein
sliding |
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Kartagener’s Sydrome (Immobile Cilia Syndrome) defect in the ... of the axoneme patients suffer from:
1. 2. |
dynein arms
1. ineffective mucocilliary clearance 2. immotile spermatozoa |
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movement of cell towards a positive signal is known as ...
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chemotaxis
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cell crawling/migration is based on the coordination of 3 events:
1. 2. 3. |
1. extension of leading edge driven by actin polymerization
2. adherence to substrate 3. contraction of rear of cell - myosin pulls on actin filaments attached to focal contacts |
