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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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lend-lease (act)/ why important
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give supplies someone else needs but dont really get involved (they give but it doesnt mean they are on their side.) The president used it in cases where he thought it was vital to US security. important because it allowed the US to still be a neutral country and was a large step away from American isolationism and towards international involvement since the end of WWI.
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Pearl Harbor
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US cut off all trade with Japan..they were getting mad...Japanese bombed and fired at the American fleet in the bay. Importance: now all are scared of Japan power-now for the 2nd time a part of a world war because Germany and Italy then declared war on US
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USA as the "arsenal of democracy"
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Allies vs. Axis
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Allies: Russia, France, Great Britain and later US and the Soviet Union.
Axis: The alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan. |
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Office of Price Administrations (OPA)
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Its job was to keep shortages and demand for wartime equip. from sending up prices and rents and causing inflation- limited prices on nonfarm commodities, controlled rents in non farm areas. important because it was Teddy's response to the demand for this equipoment but also made sure that people didnt go into debt again like the Depression
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Rosie the Riveter
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term used to symbolize many women who worked on the homefront during WWII. This showed that women could be patriotic as well which gave them pride in their economy and country to encourage them to get new and different jobs.
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victory garden
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a home garden used to boost food production. People made home gardens in the yards and they eventually ontributed 1/3 of countries veggies. Made to maintain morale and let people participate in the war efforts.gardeners could feel empowered by their contribution of labor and rewarded by the produce grown. it reduced pressue on public food places to provide.
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Hiroshima
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Where the US (Truman's decision after only 3 months in office) dropped an atomic bomb in S Japan. Thousands died, many with horrible burns.
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Why did Truman drop the atomic bomb?
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Because it would save many many more lives than if the US had gone in to fight, and also it would make a fast surrender from Japan rather than dragging it out and risking more land and valuable time.the prevailing view is that the bombings ended the war months sooner than would otherwise have been the case, saving many lives that would have been lost on both sides if the planned invasion of Japan had taken place.
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War Production Board (WPB)
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Directed the conversion of peacetime industries to those that made war goods. I stopped making consumer goods- dealt with war production.
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Office of War information
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office created to enlist public support for the war effort during WWII. it worked with magazine publishers, advertising agencies, etc. and hired cartoonists to made posters and ads to create a sense of partiotism and participation in war effort.
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What do critics of atomic bomb say
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In Japan, the general public tends to think that the bombings were needless as the preparation for the surrender was in progress in Tokyo
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Yalta Conference
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a meeting between Churchill, Stalin, and Roosevelt in which leader discussed plans for the postwar world.
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What were points made at Yalta Conference? Which werent pulled through?
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since germany had surrendered, it was a plan to split germany into 4 zones, each under control of one of the major Allies. The city of Berlin would be similarly divided.Stalin promised to allow elections in nations his army liberated from the Germans (which he didnt really fulfill) and enter war against Japan after Germany surrendered. Churchill and Roosevelt were accused of not doing enough to prevent Soviet domination of Eastern Europe.
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Main Causes of WWII
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-Facism takes place in Italy and Germany
-germany invades Rhineland and annexes Austria nad Czechoslovakia -Germany invades Poland -Japan aggressively builds an Empire in Asia |
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Effects of WWII
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-Europe and Japan are left in ruins
-Tho thirds of Europe's Jewish population is killed -the US and Soviet Union emerge as world powers -the cold war begins |
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More results
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unemployment decreases to practically nothing
-women and minorities again in workforce -more urbanization- flock to cities for jobs, -people save money becance earning alot and nothing to spend on -people listen to the radio (murrow, good night and good luck) -lots die -america plays large role in winning war -america plays role as peacekeeper -america gains lots of power. |
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(C): satellite nation
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a country dominated politically and economically by another nation, especially by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. It did this to protect its own interests and communism.
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(C): Truman Doctrine
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1947 declaration by President truman that the US would support nations that were being threatened by communism. It gave aid to other countries like Greece and Turkey.
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(C): berlin airlift
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Stalin closed the escape route to eastern europeans getting away from communism. Truman didnt want to risk starting a war by military force to open the routes or give up Berlin to the soviets: he began the airlift which moved supplies into West Berlin by plane to deliver food, fuel, and other supplies.
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(C): domino theory
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Eisenhower: the belief that if one country fell to communism, neighboring countries would likewise fall.
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(C): Eisenhower vs. Truman and Dulles
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Eisenhower suceded Truman and he was less extreme than Dulles and he realized the US couldnt intervene in Soviet's satellite nations and he tried to avoid war at all costs.
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(C): iron curtain
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Winston Churchill's term for the extension of Communist control over Europe- he didnt want Stalin to close it and have the communists dominate in that region. This was important because Stalin saw it as reinforcing future conflict with the West was inevitable. the Soviet Union did indeed come to see the West as a threat, rather than the ally they had been during World War II.
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(C): Marshall Plan
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Program of American economic assistance to Western Europe. important because it was an effort by policymakers to not repeat world war I --- now they wanted to help restore other nations so they might achieve stable democracies and economic recovery.
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(C): Loyalty Program
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(C): Senator Mccarthy
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Senator Joseph McCarthy gained power by accusing others of subversion. McCarthy claimed to have a list of Communists who worked in the State Department. Although his accusations remained unsupported and a Senate committee labeled them “a fraud and a hoax,” McCarthy won a national following. McCarthyism came to mean false charges of disloyalty.
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Korean War
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The north was communist and sout hwas democrat and divided at the 38th parallel. war broke out because north wanted all to be communist. US decied to go aid south korea to help support democracy. Important because in the end, Americans mad because there was no outcome, but in reality we had helped make sure communism didnt spread further.
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HUAC (House Un-American Activities Commitee)
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organization that sought to expose Communist influence in American life. They called witnesses and investigated the entertainment industry (like the HOLLYWOOD TEN). Prominent film directors and screenwriters who refused to cooperate were imprisoned on contempt charges.
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(C): containment
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the idea that we should contain communism and help others to avoid communist influence
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cuban missile crisis
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where the us and soviet union were on the verge of going into nuclear war, but then 2 men, uncluding kennedy stopped it. news of photographs of missiles being under construction scared the nation
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Causes of the Cold war
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-the soviet union takes control of E.Europe
-communism gains in Western Europe and middle east and asia -western powers fear soviet expansion |
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Results of cold war
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-US gives economic aid to greece, turkey, western europe
-berlin airlift ends soviet blockade -NATO and warsaw pact are formed -Korean War breaks out -Americans fear communist influence at home |
