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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mussolini |
Italian leaders feared communism Promised renewed glory. Blackshirts~ Mussolini gang who beat up communists and socialists. Wants to be in government. King Victor Emmanuel II chooses lesser of two evils~ Mussolini becomes PM -no political parties except fascist. -secret police -censored media -state corporations ran economy -takes title of "Il Duce" |
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Adolf Hitler |
Born in Vienna. Fails to get into Vienna Academy of Fine Arts. Corporal in WWI. Blames Jews and Weimar Republic for Treaty of Versailles. National Socialist German Workers Party>>Nazi Party. Rises to leadership role
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Munich Beer Hall Putsch |
Hitler's failed attempt to overthrow government. Jailed for 6 months. Reaches millions with showcase trial. Writes Mein Kampf. Germany is stabilized when he is released. Great depression gives Nazi's opportunity. Supported by Junkers. Von Hindenberg named Hitler Chancellor. Gains total control. |
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Night of the Long Knives |
Over 1000 of Hitlers political enemies assassinated in one night |
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SS |
Elite military unit |
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Gestapo |
Secret police |
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Joseph Goebbels |
Controls all mass media, nazi propaganda |
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Nuremberg Laws |
Eliminates Jewish right to citizenship. Limits job occupations. Anti-Semitism. Some Jews flee to America/Middle East. |
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Kristallnacht |
Nazi's destroy Jewish temples, business, and homes. Hitler uses it as an excuse to move Jews into concentration camps. |
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Munich Conference |
Hitler demands Czechoslovakia. Neville Chamberlain meets with Hitler. -gives Sudetenland to Germany for pledge of peace. Hitler seizes remaining Czechoslovakia 6 months later. |
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Blitzkrieg |
"Lightning war" Germany invades Poland. Britain and France declare war on Germany. Soviets invade Poland. |
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Dunkirk |
338,000 troops evacuated. Air Force fails. Italy declares war on France and Britain. France surrenders. -Vichy France. |
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Battle of Britain |
Luftwaffe vs Royal Air Force Churchill rallies British people. Britain wins Radar is key. Hitler and Goering switch to civilian targets. American aid to Allies. (Supplies)
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Operation Barbarossa |
Germany invades USSR. -three prong thrust. --stalingrad, moscow, leningrad. Barely stopped by Russian winter. Russian front goes back and forth for 3 years. |
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Pearl Harbor |
US enters war. Japan conquers wide area in the Pacific. -threatens India, Austria, Hawaii. Allies decide on Germany first strategy. -play defense in Pacific and focus on Germany. |
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Invasion of Italy |
Allied forces land in Sicily and work their way up peninsula. Mussolini placed under arrest. German troops move into Italy and stop Allies. Mussolini hanged in a mob. |
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D-Day |
Allies invade Normandy, France. Dwight Eisenhower -supreme Allied commander. Attempted assassination of Hitler. |
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Battle of the Bulge |
Last German offensive. Allied forces converge on Germany. |
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V-E Day |
Hitler commits suicide and war in Europe ends. |
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Manhattan Project |
First atomic bomb. Little Boy dropped on Hiroshima Fat Man dropped on Nagasaki. Japan surrenders. |
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Nuremberg Trials |
Trials for war crimes and crimes against humanity. |
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Holocaust |
Himmler in command. Death squads. 1.4 million dead. Jews go into ghettos. Death camps. |