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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vj day
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.stands for victory in japan
.the day japan surenderd to the allies .officially the end of ww2 so there were many parades and celebrations going on in allied nations. |
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Hiroshima/Nagasaki
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.2 cities in japan that sufferd an atomic bomb attack
. on august 6 45 little boy was dropped on hiroshima on the 9th fat man was dropped in nagasaki . as a result of the bombs being dropped japan surrendered |
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little boy/fatman
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.the two atomic bombs that were dropped in hiroshima and nagasaki
.little boy killed about 80,000 amd fatman 40,000 .us president harry truman gave the order to drop the bombs in japan. |
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enola gay
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.a boeing b29 superfortress bomber
.the plane that dropped the bomb in nagasaki . the plane is named after the pilot's mother |
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manhatten project
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.an effort in world war 2 to build to build the first nucleur weapon
.mostly run the US with help from UK and Canada . carried out in 3 cities name los alamos, hanford and oakridge |
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Harry s Truman
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.US president that replaced franklin d Roosevelt
. gave the order for the atomic bombs to be dropped in japan . before he was president he was vice president |
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Kamikaze
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.japanese sucide bombers who would crash their planes that were loaded with explosives into american ships
.the kamikaze pilots were often young and inexperienced . they were alos givan planes that were missing parts that prevented it from landing |
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iwo jima and okinawa
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.iwa jima- battle in where us fought and captured the island of iwojima from japanese in 5 weeks
. okinawa was a much larger operation and took longer for the americans to capture it was also more difficult , many cibilians took their lives by jumping off a cliff. the americans lost over 20,000 men in these 2 operations however the japanese lost over 100,000 . |
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island hopping
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.method used by american forces to liberate islands in the pacific that were occupied by japan
.however they would only liberate the islands that were considerd more inportant strategic points . their plan was to use he islands as stepping stones to reach their target whuch was japan. |
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admiral nimitz
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.a fleet admiral from us navy
.he is responsible for many victories over the japanese army and navy . MacArthur and himself signed the jstrument of surrender when the japnese finally surrendered |
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general douglas macarthur
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.general of the pacific fleet navy
.he was able to capture every japnese occupied island except for the mainland . he signed for the US the fromer surrender of Japan along with Nimitz |
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battle of midway
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considered the decisive battle if the war in the pacific ,
the japanese had planned to capture the island of midway to use as an advance base as well as destroying american fleets, however the americans broke through their codes and got to midway first as well as destroyed 4 japanese carriers while only loosing . before this battle the japanese were on the offensive after the battle they were on the defensive and would only loose territory from there on. |
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batyle of leyte gulf
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largest naval battle in ww2
in this battle the japnese combine fleet was destroyed which cut them off from heir oil supply in Malaysia. first battle in where japan used kamikaze attacks. |
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hms prince of wales and repulse
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2 british royal navy battleships and batyle crusiers were sunk by the japanese
they were sunk in the spith china sea the sinking of these 2 ships severly weakened the eastern fleet in singapore |
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singapore
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the japanese invades singapore which is a major british military base
singapore fell to japan quickly only fought from feb 8-15 42 largest surrender of british led military personnel in history over 80,000 pow taken |
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phillipines
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prior to tne japnese invading the americans occupied phillipines
in the bataang death march the filipinis lost over 76,000 men when the jpanese took invafed and conquered they treated very cruel later liberated by mac arthur. |
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pearl harbour
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took place dec 7 41 in the morni g in oahu hawaii a us military base
the japanese sunk 4 us battleships and damged eight. ended usa neutrality they joined the war. |
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greater asia co prosperity sphere
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japanese plan to lead asian nations free from western domination
it was actually propaganda to make the countries they conquered feel like hey were independent nations so that they could put in puppet government in their occupied territories. with this plan rhe japnese mostly exploited the countries they conquered |
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admiral isoroku yamamoto
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japan's bwst admiral in ww2
planned the attacks on pearl harbour famous for his "sleeping giant" quote. |
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geral hideki tojo
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highest ranking genral in Japanese imperial army
held the position of prime minister from october 41-july 44 initaited the attck on pearl harbour |
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emperor hirohito
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the leader of japan
he was seen and regarded as a god by his people he didnt have any real power he was really just the figurehead he made an a broadcast that persauded his country men to surender after the atomic bombing. |
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tripartite pact
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pact signed between Germany Italy and japan
the pact was an anti american alliance it stated that if one of them was attacked by rhe americans all three of them would aid eachother. |
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enigma
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a german code machine
the british were able to decipher it the intelligence gained from thjs machine was a significant aid to the allies |
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allied blockade
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after ww2 thesoviets blocked the roads to the city of berlin to keep supplies from entering germany
the rest of the allies outsmarted them and brought supplies by an airlift this would be the first international crisis of the cold war. |
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battle of the atalantic
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longest campagin of ww2 germans wanted to cut off britain and the allies wanted to supply convoys across the atlantic ocean
fought between german uboats and british royal navy aswell as the us navy the allies were able to win because they broke the german enigma code. |
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u boat
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german submarine
u boats would hunt together in groups cslled wolf packs however the uboat's torpedos had problems with the fuse and they would explode prematurally or bounce off targets without causing any real damage |
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admiral doenitz
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commanded the uboat force later assumed the entire german navy
devoloped the wolfpack stratedy to fight off allied convoys hitler named his as his succesor prior to his death |
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sicilly
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the invasion of sicilly was the beginning of the allies italian campagin
after the allies were successful in capturing sicily they headed to capture the mainland historically known in order to take over italy sicily has to be captured first. |
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el alamein
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there were two battles
the first stopped the axis from nort h africa and the scond pushed the axis out of nothh africa for good this battles were significant because it prevented germany from getting passage to the suez canal which would give the an ambudance an oil |
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suez canal
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a water way in egypt that joins the red sea and Mediterranean sea
the germans tried to capture the suez canal in order to the middle east and get acesss to oil in the battles of el alamein the allies prevented germany fro doing so |
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operation torch
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american and british invasion of french north africa
the first time americans faught the germans in the European theathre in ww2 marked the beginning of the us land effort against germany and italy. |
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general Montgomery
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the best british general
was put in charge of the 8th british army in north africa, he played the main role in dribing the axis out of africa was also commander of the allied ground forces during the invasion of german occupied Europe. |
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casablanca declaration
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stated that the allies would accept nothing less than the unconditioned surrender of the axis power
produced at the casablanca confrence in Morocco what the allies originally ment by unconditional surrender is that they would not harm the common people of the axis powers but impose pjnishment on their leaders |
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general irwin rommel
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germany's best general
sufferd a tremendous loss at the battle of el alamein in where the allies were able go push him out of north africa, which made his goal to capture the suez canal inpossible forced to kill himself after to was found guilty of being part if a conspiracy to kill hitler. |
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iron curtain
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used to described the boundary that separated the warsaw pact countries from the nato countries
on the east side the countries had a communist covernmant and on the west they were democratic was both a physical and ideological division that represented the way euroupe was viewed after ww2. |
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josip titp
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the leader if yugoslav partisans
euruope's most effective anti-nazi resistance movement and revolutionary and statesman served many roles from 1945 untill his death in 1980 |
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second front
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stalin wanted the allies to attack germany from another side
he insisted so much kn this because the the sovier army was in significant danger of being knocked out the war loosing stalin wanted the allies to invade mainland Europe so that they could force the germans to withdraw some of their troops from the eastern front. |
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marshall zhukov
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soviet career officer in the red army seen as the best in russian history
played the biggest role in leading the red army through eastern Europe to liberate soviet union and other nations from occupation of the axis power he was able to conquer berlin |
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battle of stalingrad
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the bloodiest battle of ww2
hitler saw capturing stalingrad as a critical strategic point ussr defeated germany mostly due to germans freezi g or starving to death |
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siege of leningrad
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part of hitlers plan to capture the soviet union
the germans and their allies blockaded the city and didnt prevent any supplies from entering left over 800,000 dead the germans held the city for 900 days. |
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scorched earth
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russian's strategy is defeating their enemies
it meant to retreat destroy all supplies so that the enemy could not have acess to food and shelter this allowed the soviets to beat the germans i operation barbarossa |
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russo finnish war
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also called the winyer war
started when the fins refusdd to give the soviets a naval base the soviets destroyed many finnish infrastructure that would cause them many years to repair after the wor the world now knew that the soviets were a powerful army. |
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battle of the bulge
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hitler taught that he could break up the allies if he could launch a major attack
this battle killed many of belgiums civilians since ghere were no troops to defend their country this battle was mostly between the germans and the us becuase britain did nkt get involved in the edge of the battle. as a result us sufferd the most |
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einsatzgruppen
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a specialized german force
fhey mosyly killed jews howver they also killed communists they were mobile killing units or death squad responsible for killing more than 11 million people in Europe |
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zyclock b
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hydrogen cyanide
a poisonous gas that interferes cellular respiration originally used as a pesticide used to kill millions of people in concentration camps. |
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final solution halocaust
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refers to the extermination of jews
over 6 million jews died in the halocuast along with other minorites originally jews were being killed by firing squad but that was seen as being too harsh on the soldiers. |
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aushwitz
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a concentration camp in poland
killed over 1.6 million people out of all the camps aushwitz had the most survivors |
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joseph stalin
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the leader of the ussr
at first had an agreement with hiter called rhe nazisoviet non agression pact one of the member of the big 3 |
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operation barbarossa
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germanys plan to invade soviet union
broke the nazi sobiet pact the sobiets won because of their policy of scorvhed earyh |
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ve day
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stands for victory in Europe
the day that germany surrender to the allies may 8 1945 ig parades and feztivals held all around Europe |
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potsadam conference
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held in potsdam germany
attended by victorious allies gatherd to deciede how they would admister germay as well as post war order peace treaties and counteri g the effects of the war |
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clement atlee
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replaced churchill as prime minister of Britain
he beat churchill in a election after he lost populatity is known for establishing a welfare system in great britain |
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Uno
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stands for united nations organization
founded after ww2, another attemp of league of nations goal is to maintain international peace |
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yalta confrwnce
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held in crimea
attended by stalin chrurchill and roosevelt talked about Europe post war reorganization |
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big 3
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the biggest allied powers
roosevelt churchill stalin later changed to stalin atlee and truman |
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sten gun
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a light machine gun
used by the british and the common wealth duting ww2 was very cheap and easy to make |
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maignot line
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was a line kf defense that coverd the french bkrders to keep te german from invading
it was heavily protectes with weapoms and obtacles however it stopped at belgium so the germans invaded through there. |
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general franco
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spanish dictator
in the spanish civil war he was the leader of the nationalist forces that overthrew he spanish democratic republic was hated by hitler because he did not invade Gibralter |
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stressafront/spanish civil war
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spanish civil war won by the the nationalists franco eith the help of ger,any italy usa
a coalition of france britain and italy |
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anglo german agreement
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agreement made between bfitain and germany
germany would be able to build up 35%of the tonage of british capital ships and 45% in submarines a form of appeasment that britain used to limit the threats posed by hostile powers |
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anti cominterm pact
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signed between japan and germany
it was an anti communism pact stated that they would help eachother if attacked by ussr first step to axis power |
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rome berlin axis
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the axis alliance created between mussolini and hitler
japan later joined this alliance stated the germany would have supremacy in northern and southern Europe italy in Mediterranean sea and japan in asia |
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pact of steel
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signed between germany and italy in 39
formalized the axis berlin pact it linked the two countries politically and military |
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neville chamberlin
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a british prime minister
served right before churchill grew unpopular after failing to stop germany |
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remilitarasion of rhineland
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germany starts biulding up their troops in the rhineland
this was one the main things that germany was forbidden from doing according to tov howevrr the allies let germany do this a s a form of appwasment |
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v1 a d v2
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rockets built by the germans
they were long range artillery weapons used for strategic bombing was intended to be used in a military campaginn against britain |
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operation overload dday
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the days the allies landend in normandy
largest imphibious invasion of all time won by tje allies because the germans were unprepared and thought they were going to attack from somewhere else |
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general eisenhower
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commanded the d day invasion
seved as supreme alloed commander in euroupe was the one who said to recoed all the evidence in concentration camps |
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claus van stauffenberh
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a german army officer
famous for his eye patch he lost his eye and dihiy of his left hand during a british assualt was in a conpricay to kill hitler but found out and excecuted |
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spitzfire
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british single seat figjter aircraft
used by raf and other allied nations good victory to loss ratio renowend for winning victory laurals in battle of britain |
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b29 superfortress
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foud engine propeller driven heavy driven bomber
designed by boeing used mostly by americans extreamly strong and heavily protected bropped bombs in hiroshima and nagasaki |
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bomber harris
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real name arhtir harris nickma bomber
was a an air officer commander in the raf bomber command knkwn fof being in charge of the area bombing or terror bombing in german cities |
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operatiom paperclip
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americans taking german scienrist s and forcing them to work for america
the scientists were forced to leave germany and change their names this was done so that germanh could not redevelopment its military research capabilities |
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churchill
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prime minister of britain during most of ww2
a member of the big 3 was seen as a very brave man that brought hope to his people after they were left alone by france |
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the blitz
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shortned form of blitzkrieg
a period a substained strategic bombings in british cities london recieved the most attcks |
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blitzkrieg
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german word for lightning war
used the element of speed precision and surprise they would attack forst by the air and then drag their tanks in enable them to win wars at the beginning |
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radar
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in ww2 used to find german uboats
the japanese did not have a radr sp they allies had advantage ome of the reason the british ere able to win the battle of britain |
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battle of britain
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faught between luftwafee and taf
germans wanted to air superiott over britain althoufh outnumberd the british were able to win due to their better technology |
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operation sealion
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germanys palm to invade uk
required both air and sea superiority never carried out because germany could beet britain in batgle of britain |
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operation dynamo
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over 300,000 british and allied soldiers rescued from the port of dunkirk
considerd a miricle because the germans just backed out and abondoned them dpf |
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charles de guille free french
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free france the government in exile ledy by charles de gualee
ge gualle organized and supported the resistance in occupied francw during the 2nd war war they countionoued to fight the axis powers as an ally after the fall of france |
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sudentland
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german name givan to northern southwest and western aresa of czechoslovakia which were inhabited by grman speaking people
hitler taught that germany should unite with all its german speaking people although its was against tteety of versailles allies allowed this |
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edvard benes
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leader of czechoslovakia independence movement
later became presisemt in 35 resigned in 38 because he felt that chamberlin betrayed him with munich agreement |
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collaberaters
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civillians of occupied of soverign country that provide assistance or intelligence to the enemy
british nazi sympatherizers contributed classied allied opearion to germany french women collaberaters forced to shave heads |
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vichy france
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a puppet government in south france during the occupation of france
the name vichy comes from the city vuchy which is the capital of this regime this forced the feench to colabdate with the nazi |
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marshall petain
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french gerneral
reached the desyinction of marshal of rance later chief of state of vichy france althought a great genral in ww1 his stategy in ww2 with maignot line caused franc= to fall quickly |
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vidkun quisling
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a norweigan politican
he seized power in a nazi backed coup deteat he later became minister president working with the occupying forces |
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phony war
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period of time when germany invaded poland and france and britain declared war
during this this no real fighting took place the french and british had their troops at tne border reafy to attack but they didint this lasted for 7 months |
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nazi soviet pact
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signed between russia and germany
stated that germany and ussr had a truce at the moment brokem when he germans invafed ussr i opeartion barbarossa |
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appeasment
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to give soemthing to another country in orge to keep them happy and not attack in the munich agree grmany was givan austria
the allies gave apwasment to germany multiple times ebrn thoufh it biolated tov |
