Wset Level 2 Notes - Set 1

Front 1

What are two common causes of haziness in wine?

Back 1

Exposure to oxygen or faulty winemaking

Front 2

What aromatic characteristics alert us to possible faults in wine?

Back 2

Unclean smell, cork taint, newspaper, wet cardboard. Oxidation - bruised apple, wet paper, sherry.
VA - Nail Polish Remover, Hairspray.
Sulphide Fault - Cabbage or egg smell.

Front 3

What percentage of wines are fermented "Dry?"

Back 3

95%

Front 4

Where do you sense acidity in wine?

Back 4

On the side of your tongue

Front 5

B.L.I.C.E.?

Back 5

Balance, Length, Intensity, Complexity, and Expressiveness

Front 6

Would you pair an apple with a barolo? Why or why not?

Back 6

No. The sugar in the apple would emphasize the tannin in the wine making it seem overly tannic.

Front 7

Would you pair a salty cheese with barolo? Why or why not?

Back 7

Yes. The saltiness would balance with the tannin in the wine.

Front 8

Viticulture

Back 8

Anything and everything to do with GROWING THE GRAPES.

Front 9

Vinification

Back 9

Anything and everything to do with making the wine--including and up to completion of fermentation.

Front 10

Maturation

Back 10

Vinification is complete (no more fermentation!). How the wine is aged (barrel, bottle, etc.).

Front 11

What environmental factors impact viticulture?

Back 11

Climate (weather conditions throughout year), weather, soil, slope, sunlight, water & CO2, warmth, nutrients (not too much for terroir-driven wines!)

Front 12

Where would you most likely find irrigation in the vineyard?

Back 12

Old world - rarely find irrigation. New world - lots of irrigation for control.

Front 13

On average, how many hours of sunshine does a vine need to ripen grapes?

Back 13

1,500 hours

Front 14

What latitudes are most suitable for winemaking?

Back 14

Between 30 & 50 degrees from the equator.

Front 15

What are the most common pests and diseases encountered by wine growers?

Back 15

Birds, insects (leaf hoppers), rot, mildew & fungus, viruses, bacteria

Front 16

Would a wine advertised as whole bunch or whole cluster be manually or mechanically harvested?

Back 16

Manually

Front 17

What's the formula for making alcohol?

Back 17

Sugar + Yeast = Alcohol, Heat, & CO2

Front 18

How long do Rose wines typically ferment with the skins?

Back 18

12-36 hours

Front 19

What are some flavor characteristics derived from new oak barrels?

Back 19

Toast, nuts, coconut, vanilla, cinnamon, nutmeg

Front 20

What are some flavor characteristics derived from old oak barrels (at least 2 years old)?

Back 20

Toffee, hazelnut, fig, coffee

Front 21

What are the major factors in the cost of the production of grapes?

Back 21

Vineyard land, labor, & machinery

Front 22

What are the major factors in the cost of the production of wine?

Back 22

Equipment, oak, storage, exchange rate, packaging, transport, taxes, and levies.

Front 23

What causes grey rot and noble rot?

Back 23

Botrytis Cinerea

Front 24

As far as labeling goes, what does PDO stand for in the EU?

Back 24

PDO = Protected Designation of Origin

Front 25

What is the PDO for France?

Back 25

AOC - Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (translating to Controlled Name of Origin)

Front 26

What are the PDOs for Italy?

Back 26

IGT - Indicazione Geografica Tipica
DOC - Denominazione di Origine Controllata
DOCG - Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita

Front 27

What are the PDOs for Spain?

Back 27

DO - Denominación de Origen
DOCa - Denominación de Origen Calificada

Front 28

Why is chardonnay considered the blank slate grape?

Back 28

Because it can grow in cool, moderate, and hot climates, it can grow in a variety of soil types, it takes on a lot of the characteristics of the site, it reflects the winemaking style.

Front 29

What grapes are frequently used to blend with chardonnay?

Back 29

Sémillon, Colombard, Chenin Blanc

Front 30

What grape is used for White Burgundy (Chablis)?

Back 30

Chardonnay

Front 31

What are the oak aging requirements for White Burgundy (Chablis)?

Back 31

NO OAK SUCKA!

Front 32

What are the quality levels of Burgundy and what do they refer to?

Back 32

BOURGOGNE - Grapes are from anywhere and everywhere in Burgundy
VILLAGE - Grapes are from one of 42 villages in unclassified vineyards
PREMIER CRU - Grapes are from a specific village
GRAN CRU - Grapes are from a specific vineyard in a specific village

Front 33

What are the main regions for premier chardonnay from Australia?

Back 33

Southeastern Australia - Victoria, Margaret River, Adelaide Hills, Hunter Valley (fruit-driven chards), Yarra Valley

Front 34

What are the main regions for premier chardonnay from New Zealand?

Back 34

North - Gisborne & Hawke's Bay
South - Marlborough

Front 35

What are the main regions for premier chardonnay from Chile?

Back 35

Casablanca & Central Valley

Front 36

What are the main regions for premier chardonnay from Argentina?

Back 36

Mendoza

Front 37

What are the main regions for premier chardonnay from South Africa?

Back 37

Walker Bay, Western Cape

Front 38

What is Pinot Noir called in Germany? Where is it grown?

Back 38

Spatburgunder is the name. Pfalz and Baden are the growing areas.

Front 39

What are the characteristics of the Pinot Noir grape?

Back 39

Thin skinned, light color = low to medium tannin. Very fussy grape. Needs cool to moderate climate. Aged very carefully in oak because oak can overpower the delicate flavors.

Front 40

What are the 3 varietals allowed in Champagne production?

Back 40

Pinot Noir, Munier, and Chardonnay

Front 41

Marlborough

Back 41

New Zealand wine growing region renowned for Sauvignon Blanc. Northern tip of the South Island

Front 42

Martinborough

Back 42

New Zealand wine growing region. Southern tip of the North Island.

Front 43

Medoc

Back 43

Appellation of Bordeaux.

Front 44

Meursault

Back 44

Appellation of Burgundy.

Front 45

Moderate Climate Chardonnay

Back 45

Stone fruit

Front 46

Moelleux

Back 46

Labeling term indicating sweet wine.

Front 47

Molasses

Back 47

What rum is made from.

Front 48

Mosel

Back 48

Wine growing region in Germany - known for Riesling.

Front 49

Muscadet

Back 49

French white from the Loire. Grape used is Melon de Borgogne.

Front 50

Muscat de Beaumes de Venise

Back 50

Sweet fortified wine from Rhone.

Front 51

Navarra

Back 51

Place in Spain producing wine from tempranillo and grenache.

Front 52

Nebbiolo

Back 52

Varietal black grape. Italian origin.

Front 53

Northern Rhone

Back 53

Primary grape used is Syrah.

Front 54

Nuits St. Georges

Back 54

French village producing wine from Pinot Noir.

Front 55

Oak

Back 55

Comes in barrels, chips, essence, new old, large, small.

Front 56

Oloroso

Back 56

Grade of Sherry - 18% ABV

Front 57

Orvieto

Back 57

Italian City and DOC. White is a blend of Grechetto and Trebbiano plus Malvasia, Drupeggio, Verdello or Canaiolo bianco grapes.

Front 58

Otago

Back 58

Wine growing region of New Zealand. Complex Pinot Noirs.

Front 59

Paarl

Back 59

South African wine growing region.

Front 60

Pauillac

Back 60

Gironde - Bordeaux

Front 61

Pessac-Leognan

Back 61

Northern part of Graves in Bordeaux

Front 62

Pfalz

Back 62

German wine growing region.

Front 63

Piedmont

Back 63

Italian wine growing region - Northwest.

Front 64

Pinot Grigio

Back 64

Italian grape variety. Thrives in Northern Italy.

Front 65

Pinotage

Back 65

South African varietal.

Front 66

Pommard

Back 66

Wine growing area in Burgundy.

Front 67

Pouilly Fuisse

Back 67

Wine growing area in Burgundy.

Front 68

Pouilly Fume

Back 68

Wine growing area in the Loire Valley.

Front 69

Primitivo

Back 69

Southern Italian varietal - related to Zinfandel.

Front 70

Prosecco

Back 70

Sparkling wine from Italy. Grape varietal is glera.

Front 71

Puligny Montrachet

Back 71

Chardonnay

Front 72

Rapel

Back 72

Wine growing region in Chilean Central Valley.

Front 73

Remuage

Back 73

Tilting sparkling bottles to get the sediment to the neck.

Front 74

Rheingau and Rheinhessen

Back 74

German wine growing regions.

Front 75

Riesling Auslese

Back 75

Highest ripeness level.

Front 76

Riesling Kabinett

Back 76

Lowest ripeness level.

Front 77

Riesling Spatlese

Back 77

Middle ripeness level.

Front 78

Rioja

Back 78

Spanish wine growing region.

Front 79

Sancerre

Back 79

French region producing Sauvignon Blanc.

Front 80

Saumur

Back 80

Loire Valley

Front 81

Sauternes

Back 81

Bordeaux sweet wine.

Front 82

Sekt

Back 82

German term for DRY

Front 83

Soave

Back 83

Wine growing region in Italy - Garganega is the grape.

Front 84

Solera System

Back 84

Maturation process.

Front 85

Southern Rhone

Back 85

Cote Rotie

Front 86

St. Emilion

Back 86

Bordeaux - Right Bank

Front 87

Stellenbosch

Back 87

South Africa

Front 88

Sussreserve

Back 88

Sweet juice added back to riesling

Front 89

Sylvaner

Back 89

White varietal.

Front 90

Syrah

Back 90

Red varietal.

Front 91

Tannin

Back 91

Dryness - Fruit tannin vs barrel tannin

Front 92

Tawny Port

Back 92

Port meant to be consumed young.

Front 93

Tennessee Whisky

Back 93

Barrel-aged grain whiskey

Front 94

Tempranillo

Back 94

Spanish varietal

Front 95

Tokaji Aszu

Back 95

Hungarian wine

Front 96

Torrontes

Back 96

Argentinian white varietal - highly aromatic. Perfume.

Front 97

Traditional Method vs Transfer Method

Back 97

Methods of sparkling wine production

Front 98

Trebbiano

Back 98

White Italian Varietal

Front 99

Trockenbeerenauslese

Back 99

German sweetness term

Front 100

Valdepenas

Back 100

Spanish bulk grenache area

Front 101

Valpolicella

Back 101

Italian region

Front 102

Verdicchio

Back 102

White Italian grape

Front 103

Vin de Pays d'Oc

Back 103

Region in Southern France in Languedoc

Front 104

Vin Doux Naturels

Back 104

Naturally Sweet

Front 105

Vinho Regional

Back 105

Portugal

Front 106

Vinho Verde

Back 106

Portugal

Front 107

Vino de la Tierra

Back 107

Spanish table wine

Front 108

Vintage Port

Back 108

Unfiltered age-worthy

Front 109

Viognier

Back 109

White grape varietal

Front 110

Volnay

Back 110

Burgundian wine from Cote de beaune

Front 111

Vouvray

Back 111

Loire off dry Chenin Blanc

Front 112

VS

Back 112

Very Special

Front 113

VSOP

Back 113

Very Special Old Pale

Front 114

White Bordeaux

Back 114

Semillon or Sauvignon Blanc

Front 115

Yarra Valley

Back 115

Australian Pinot Noir

Front 116

XO

Back 116

Extra Old - Brandy

Front 117

Alentejo

Back 117

Portugal wine growing region

Front 118

Alsace Gewurtz

Back 118

Intensely perfume fruit, dry to off dry, full body style, higher altitude.

Front 119

Alsace Grand Cru

Back 119

Wines from a superior vineyard site in Alsace

Front 120

American oak contributes what to wines?

Back 120

Coconut, vanilla, tannin

Front 121

Amontillado

Back 121

Sherry

Front 122

Armagnac

Back 122

Brandy from South bordeaux. Made from wine.

Front 123

Asti DOCG

Back 123

Italy - Piedmont

Front 124

Australian White Grapes

Back 124

Chardonnay, Riesling

Front 125

Autolysis

Back 125

Dead yeast cells. Imparts toast & biscuit qualities.

Front 126

Barbaresco

Back 126

Place in Piedmont.

Front 127

Barbera

Back 127

Varietal

Front 128

Barolo

Back 128

Place in Piedmont.

Front 129

Barossa Shiraz

Back 129

Full body, earthy, spicy

Front 130

Barossa Valley

Back 130

Australian wine growing region.

Front 131

Barrel fermentation

Back 131

typically whites only. high labor. more expensive.

Front 132

Blanc de Blancs

Back 132

White of whites. Champagne.

Front 133

Bordeaux White Grapes

Back 133

Sauvignon & Semillon

Front 134

Bourbon

Back 134

American whiskey - corn

Front 135

Bourgogne Blanc

Back 135

White Burgundy wine - Chardonnay

Front 136

Bourgogne Rouge

Back 136

Pinot Noir

Front 137

Cabernet d'Anjou

Back 137

100% Cabernet Franc from Loire

Front 138

Cafayate

Back 138

Northern Argentinian Area - Torrontes produced there.

Front 139

Carmenere

Back 139

Grape varietal thrives in Chile.

Front 140

Carneros

Back 140

Wine growing region in Sonoma & Napa, California

Front 141

Casablanca

Back 141

Chilean wine growing region

Front 142

Cava

Back 142

Sparkling spanish wine

Front 143

Central Valley

Back 143

Chilean and Californian wine growing regions.

Front 144

Chablis

Back 144

French Bordeaux whites heavily featuring Chardonnay.

Front 145

Chambertin

Back 145

Burgundian village - Cote d'Or

Front 146

Chateauneuf Du Pape

Back 146

Southern Rhone - Grenache

Front 147

Chenin Blanc

Back 147

White Grape Varietal

Front 148

Clare Valley

Back 148

Australian wine growing region - Rieslings.