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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Wine Laws |
PDO is DOP-Denomicao Origem Protegida
but following traditionaly term is registred *DOC-Denominacao de Origem Controlada. PGI is IGP-indicacao Geografica Protegida but traditional term i sregistred i EU *Vinho Regional *Reserva is a term reserved for DOC wines - only vintage wines - wines must be with disinctive organoleptic characteristic. - Must packaged in glass bottles - exceed at least 0.5% abv *Garrafeira can applied to all Portugues wines (DOC and IGP) - only vintage wines - wines must be with disinctive organoleptic characteristic. - Red wines requires minimum 30 months ageing of which at least 12 months in glass bottles - Rose and White Garrafeira requires minimum 12 months of ageing of which 6 months in glass bottles. *Vinho com ano de Colheita ou Casta - Table wine that requires vintage and grape variety expose on the label *Vinho - simply wine |
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Climate
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- has great climate diversity
- Maritime climate affected by Atlantic ocean with warm sumers and cold winters - Continetal climate has vineyards located inland, hot and dry - Douro also have Continental climate, hot but nor=t so dry by influence of Douro River and its tributaries. |
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Touriga Nacional
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- Portugal's finest black grape variety.
- low yields - Intense colour and flavours, high tannins - used for Port - best dry Reds from Duoro and Dao regions - Permitet in blend with Bairrada and Alentejo DOC wine - Important for best IGP blends |
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Tinta Roriz / Aragones
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- it is the same as Tempranillo
- used for production sweet fortified and unfortified dry red wines - deep-coloured. complex, ripe high tannin wines - its used in through center and south sometimes on its own, but usualy blended |
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Castelao
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- finest wines in Palmela DOC
- Permitet in Bairrada DOC - known in IGP blends as Periquita - with low yields can produce rich-textured, fruty wines with nuty flavour under ageing |
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Baga
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- main component in Bairraga DOC
- thick skineed, produced deep coloured, high acid and tannin wines |
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Trincadera
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- drought tolerant vine and require hot climate to flourish
- complexity, fruity, spicy wine with high levels of colour and tannin - importand in Alatejo DOC, where is usualy blended with Aragones - used in Port - used in some Douro reds konown as *Tinta Amarela |
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Arinto
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- semi araomatc, fresh and fruty wine , capable to retain its acidity during the full ripening in hot condition.
- finest white wines in Bucelas DOC - importand part in Vinho Verde also known as Pederna - its used to provide freshness and frutyness in many IGP blende as well in Alenejo DOC |
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Other Portugese Whites
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porduction of light-bodied, crisp and fresh wines from:
*Loureio *Trajadura *Alvarinho - Albarino in Spain |
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Northern Portugal
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regions
*Vinho Verde DOC *Douro DOC *Dao DOC *Bairrada DOC |
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Vinho Verde DOC
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- located in NW Portugal
- altitude 100-175 m - cold winds from Atlantic - anual rainfall 1200 mm, higest in winter and spring - shallow granite base soil - VSP trained vineyards, with high fruit zone to provide air flow in the humid environment - Clasic Vinho Verde wines is pale yaelow coloured, with high acidity and low alcohol (8-11.5%abv) - if grape variety or sub-region is mentoned on label, alcohol level can be up to 14% abv - White wines are made from follow varieties *Loureiro, *Arinto (Penderna), *Trajadura, *Avesso and *Azal - Traditionaly this wines have slight sparkling sensation that reinforces flavours and freshness - Vhino Verde Alvarinho is produced only with Alavarinho grape variety and wine is slightly higher in alcohol (11.5-14%abv) , riper and with more tropical aromas - There is also production of Red and Rose wines |
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Douro DOC
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- altitude 200-850 m
- maritime climate in west part of a Douro Valley with anual rainfall 900 mm - continental in east part, hot wit anual rainfall 400 mm - steep slope teraces (Patamares), inclinations is greater than 35% - Five most important Port varieties is Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinta Roriz, Tinta Barroca and Tinto Cao - slate soil provide good drenage and retain enough humidity in hot summers and retain day warmth for cool nights. - result is deep coloured as well phenolic wine without lost its fruitiness and freshness - *Barca Velha (iconic) is produced in east part of Douro valley - Port wine overshadoved table wines of the Douro |
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Dao DOC
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- altitude 200-400 m
- granite soil - Cold and rainy winters with hot and dry summers, wide diurnal temperature range - Touriga Nacional and Tinta Roriz is wide plantend varieties - VSP trained at double cordon - Dao reds are ruby coloured, with delicate ripe red fruit aromas and soft tannins balanced with high acidity - Dao whites are medium bodied and refreshing high acidity |
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Bairrada DOC
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- located between Dao and Atlantic ocean
- Limestone with heavy clay soil - Mild climate with rainy winters and warm summers, rainfals start in September and may damaged the late ripening varieties. - Importand grame variety is Touriga Nacional along Baga, Alfroncheiro, Camarate, Castelao - Classico is blend of upper varieties that require minimum 50% of Baga to be included in blend |
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Nirthern Portugal IGP
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- Followed wines can be labeled *Vinhos Regionais
*IGP Minho local wines outside of DOC status in Vinho Verde *IGP Douriense outside Douro DOC *IGP Beiras are wines from two DOC zones Dao and Barriada which is not includet in DOC group. |
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Central Portugal IGP
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*IGP Lisboa (known as Estremadura)
- located on Atlantic coastal area north of Lisbon - gently slopes - limestone and clay soil - warm maritime climate, no significant difference in temperature - anual rainfall 600-700 mm - Reds are low yielding, fruit driven wines, deep colour and fresh, med-high acidity *IGP Tejo (known as Vinho Regional Ribatejano) - warm maritime climate with all influences of river Tagus - anual rainfall 500-600mm - divided to three sub-regions *Campo with alluvial soil *Bairro infertile limestone-clay soil *Charneca has sandy soil and produce best structured red and white wines of the region |
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Southern Portugal IGP
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*IGP Peninsula de Setubal (known as Vinho Regional Terras do Sado)
- locatet south of Lisbon on the Atlantic coast - There is two main sub-areas - Hillside vineyards with limestone soil, anual rainfall 100-500mm - Vineyards on plain with sandy soil - Warm maritime climate with influence of Atlantic *Alantejo DOC and Alantejo IGP - both has continental with Mediterranean influence climate, low rainfalls and hot summers. - there is eight subregions - Typical red blend is made from Aragones, Trincadeira and Castela but recently is included Touriga Nacional, Alicante Boushcet and Syrah - Arinto, Altao Vaz and Rouperio make intense honeyed white wines, with med-high acidity lifted with aromatic Arinto |