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13 Cards in this Set

  • Front
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The Southern Rhone

- аfter a gap of 60km from last vineyard of Northern Rhone on south of town Montelimar (монтељимарр) spread the vineyards of Southern Rhone to the south of town Avignon (авинио).
- 95% of total Rhone production is from southern Rhone
- vast majority are under generic appellation.
- qality is very variable, top growers stop sale to co-operatves and start producing and botling wine.
- Cote du Rhone AC generic appellation cover all Rhone vineyards, than are Cote du Rhone Vllages AC from select numbers of villages and 7 individual crus.
Climate and Viticulture
- much flatter treeain than N. Rhone
- many sites have very stony soils or galets, Chateauneuf-du-Pape ic completely cover with this soil.
- Mediteranien climate, with mild winters and hot summers, drought can be a problem.
- North winds known as Mistral can cause damage to vineyards.
- Grenache is a bush trained low, Syrah is a more sensitive to winds and they are supoted in Guyot and VSP traning.
Grenache
- most widely planted variety
- can tolerate drought, winds and in this conditions its producing spiced fruity concentred flavors. In very hot years fruit can be baket and jammy
- 14.5 % abv is a well known
Syrah and Mourvedre (муррведрра)
- Supporting role to Grenache
- Syrah provides blends extra colour and tannin (plant on a cooler sites)
- Mourvedre deep colour and hugh tannins, need hotest sites to be planted, when full ripened develop gamey, savoury aromas that is highly prized by many top producers.
Cinsault (сансу)
- providing fruit flavour in blending with Grenache in rose
White Warieties
- Clairette (клррет), Grenache Blanc (гррнаж бло), Bourboulenc (вуррбуланк) are notable additions to northern Rhone trio Viognier, Marsanne and Roussanne.
Winemaking - Red Wine
- all winemakers need to find way to managing tannin and alcohol level.
- techniques vary from total carbonic maceration storaged stainless steel to traditional open fermenters with warm extractive fermentation and maturation il large oak vessels.
- styles varry frol light to medium bodied fresh, fruty wines with low tannin to highly tanninic full bodied and savory reds.
Winemaking - White Wine
- quality is improved by modern winemaking tehniques.
- the best wines are usualy rich textured and full bodied, high in alcohol and low or medium acidity.
Generic Appellations
*Cotes do Rhone AC - accounts more than a half of wines in Rohne valley, most of whickh is red.
- medium bodied, fruty but simple wines.
- Many of these wines gain their softness from carbonic maceration.
- Fruty roses and white wines are made too
* Cote du Rhone Villages AC - to qualify, more streinght minimum alcohol and maximum yields must be satisfied and greater precentage of Grenache, Syrah and Mourvedre must be present in blends.
- 18 villages can add their name on label if 100% of grape comes from this village vineyards. This are the best wines outside the crus, and have more body, structure and spiced red fruit than Cote du Rhone, all of this villages have option to apply for cru status.
Chateauneuf-du-Pape AC (шатунуф-дју-пап)
- largest of all crus in the Rhone valley.
- it has particular place in French wine history, because it was firs area with Appellation Controlee status.
- 13 grape varieties permited, a large diveristy of red wines.
- Grenache dominates and some very succesful Chateauneufs are 100% fro Grenache.
- The best wines are full-bodied, richly textured with concentrated spiced red fruit flavour that balance the characteristic high alcohol.
- Unfortunately there is a lot of mediocre Chateauneufs because of high interest for this wines.
- Rose wines are not permitet
- White varieties as Viognier and Marsanne are not permitet
- Russanne have potential for producing high qality wine.
Tavel AC (тавеел) and Lirac AC (лирраке)
- only crues at west bank on Rhone
- Most famous for producing rose from Grenache and Cinsault, and only here can produced rose wine from rest crus.
- full bodied intensly flavoured and capable to develop in savory complexity when age in bottle.
- produced red wines are similar as Chateauneuf-du-Pape
Other Villages Promotet to Crus
- Gigondas AC (жигондас)
- Vacqueyras AC (вакјеррас)
- Beaumes de Venise AC (вом диу венисе)
- Vinsobres AC (вансобрр)
all of them are located east from Chateauneuf and have similar wines, sometimes better than famous neighbour.
Rhone Satellites
- around the boundary of southern Rhone is a cooler climate and Syrah and Mourvedre ripen well and the best reds have body and structure on a par with the best of Rhone.