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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hybrid
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variety resulting from cross-polination of 2 different species
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Crossing
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variety resulting from cross-polination of 2 different varieties of the same species (e.g. 2 v vinerfera)
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Maritime Climate - Characteristics
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warm summers
mild winters |
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Mediterranean Climate - Characteristics
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maritime climate (warm summers, mild winters) but
most of the rainfall occurs in winter -particularly suite to viticulture -California, Chile & South Africa, Mediterranean shores |
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Continental Climate- Characteristics
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-middle of a landmass
-extreme temps in both summer and winter |
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Currents
Locations & Effects |
Alaska - cold
Humboldt Current (Chile) - cold Benguela Current (S Africa) - cold Gulf Stream (NW Europe)-warm marked cooling effect on climate |
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Effects of Rivers on Viticulture
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Rivers - less likely to suffer frost damage due to movement of water
Warm Air/Cool Bodies (Tokaji/Sauternes) - mists are created which encourages noble rot Shallow lakes (Neusiedlersee in Austria) - similar to above |
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Effects of Mountains on Viticulture
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Rain Shadow (e.g. Vosges Mts protect Alsace)
Source of Cold Winds (e.g. Mistral in Rhone Valley) Temps drop w/increased altitude - (eg Salta, Argentina and Orange, Australia) |
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Marginal Climates - example regions and risks
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-opposite of stable climate
-vintages become important as quality will vary from time to time -examples are Champagne, Tasmania ("just suitable"), Bordeaux and Hunter Valley (risk of heavy rainfall at harvest), Burgundy, Canada (susceptible to Frost), Mendoza, Barolo (susceptible to hail) |
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3 Forms of Protection against Spring Frost
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1. Smudge Pots - create smoke that acts like blanket to keep heat in.
2. Wind Machines - drawn in warm air from aove to keep the temp at ground level above freezing point 3. Aspersion System - sprinklers spray water so that an insulating coat of ice protects the shoots. |
