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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what bone commonly breaks due to a fall on an outstretched hand?
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scaphoid bone (aka navicular bone) of wrist
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how many bones make up the wrist?
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8 carpal bones
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which carpal bone is near the base of the thumb?
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scaphoid bone
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what two bones do the carpal bones connect to the hand?
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the radius and ulna
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what are the metacarpal bones?
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long bones that lie underneath the palm
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what bones do the metacarpals attach to
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phalanges
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is there a lot of blood flow to the wrist?
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NO!
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why is the scaphoid bone the most commonly fractured carpal bone?
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it actually crosses two rows of carpal bones, forming a hinge. a fall on the outstretched hand puts heavy stress on the scaphoid bone. the stress can cause a small crack through themiddle of the bone or a complete separation of the bone into two pieces.
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what is a separation called?
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displaced fracture
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what bones does the radius articulate with?
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scaphoid and lunate bones
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where is the ulnar styloid located?
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anterior portion of distal ulna
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name the 8 carpal bones
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scaphoid
lunate triquetrum hamate capitate trapezoid trapezium pisiform |
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which bones are located in the proximal row
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scaphoid
lunate triquetrum pisiform |
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which bones are located in the distal row?
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trapezium
trapezoid capitate hamate |
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what bone does the scaphoid articulate with?
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radius
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what carpal bone is the most frequently dislocated bone?
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lunate
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which carpal bone occupies most of the ulnar side of the wrist?
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triquetrum
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which carpal articulates with 4th and 5th digits?
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hamate
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which bone is the attachment site for the transverse carpal ligament?
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hamate
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which is the largest carpal bone?
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capitate
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which carpal has a deep concavity?
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capitate
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where do all wrist rotation movements axis on?
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capitate
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which carpal primarily articulates with 3rd metacarpal?
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capitate
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what is the small wedged carpal between the capitate and trapezium?
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trapezoid
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which carpal articulates with 2nd metacarpal?
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trapezoid
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which carpal is multiangular?
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trapezium
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which carpal articlulates with 1st metacarpal?
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trapezium
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which carpal facilitates much thumb movement?
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trapezium
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which carpal has little functional significance?
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pisiform
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list the wrist bones
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Scaphoid (some)
Lunate (lovers Triquetrum (try Pisiform (positions Trapezium (that Trapezoid (they Capitate (can't Hamate (handle |
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name the joints of the wrist
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radiocarpal joint
midcarpal joint |
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how many degrees of freedom does the readiocarpal joint have?
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2
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what deviation occurs at the radiocarpal joint?
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ulnar and radial deviation (through capitate bone)
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midcarpal joint
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junction between distal and proximal rows of carpal bones
-ligaments are prime source for stability |
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what is the triangular fibrocartilage comples often referred to as?
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meniscus of the wrist
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where do extrinsic ligaments have attachments to?
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radius, ulna or triangular fibrocartilage complex
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what are the extrinsic ligaments?
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dorsal radiocarpal ligament
radial collateral ligament palmar radiocarpal lig ulnocarpal complex |
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what do the extrinsic ligaments do?
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provide support to the distal radioulnar joint. plays limiting normal pronation and supination (controversial)
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what do the short intrinsic ligaments do?
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connect the bones of the distal row by their palmar, dorsal or interossesous surfaces. stabilize and unite the row
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what do the intermediate intrinsic ligaments do?
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exist within the wrist
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how many long ligaments are in the wrist?
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2
palmar intercarpal ligament dorsal intercarpal ligament |
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where does the palmar intercarpal ligament attach to?
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firmly attached to the capitate bone
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what does the dorsal intercarpal ligament do?
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binds scaphoid to the triquetrum
provides transverse stability to the wrist |
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what are the wrist motions?
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flexion
extension radial deviation ulnar deviation |
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what is ROM for wrist flexion?
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0-80
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what is ROM for wrist extension
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0-70
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what is ROM for RADIAL DEVIATION
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0-20
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what is ROM for ulnar deviation
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0-30
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what are the primary wrist extensors
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extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis
extensor carpi ulnaris |
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what are the secondary wrist extensors
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extensor digitorum communis
extensor indicis extensor digiti minimi extensor pollicis longus |
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what are the primary wrist flexors
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flexor carpi radials
flexor carpi ulnaris palmaris longus |
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what are the secondary wrist flexors
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flexor digitorum profundus
flexor digitorum superficials flexor pollicis longus |
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radial deviators
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Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Flexor carpi radialis Abductor pollicis longus Flexor pollicis longus |
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ulnar deviators
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extensor carpi ulnaris
flexor carpi ulnaris |
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what is colles fracture
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fracture of distal end of radius
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what bone do most wrist fractures involve?
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scaphoid bone
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what is kienbock's disease
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condition in which one of the small bones of the wrist loses its blood supply and dies, causing pain and stiffness with wrist motion
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triangular fibrocartilage complex injury
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ulnar abutment and/or degenerative lesions of the TFCC, ulnar impaction syndrome (chondromalacia of the ulnar head and lunate, lunotriquetral instability)
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carpal tunnel sundrome
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collection of characteristic symptoms and signs that occurs following entrapment of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel
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scapholunate collapse (SLAC)
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Scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC) of the wrist is the most common pattern of degenerative arthritis in the wrist. Watson and Ballet coined the term SLAC wrist in 1984.
Findings of bilateral SLAC wrist on a prehistoric skeleton from Hassi-el-Abiod site in Malian Sahara provide paleopathological evidence of the existence of this disease 7000 years ago. |