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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 2 compound joints of the wrist complex?
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1. midcarpal joint
2. radiocarpal joint |
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what consists of the proximal carpal row?
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1. triquetrum
2. lunate 3. scaphoid |
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what consists of the distal carpal row?
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1. hamate
2. capitate 3. trapezoid 4. trapezium |
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what type of joint is the RC/MC? and how many degrees of freeom?
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condyloid joints= 2 degrees of freedom
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what motions occur at the RC/MC joints?
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flexion and extension
radial and ulnar deviation |
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what is the axis of rotation for the RC/MC joints?
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capitate
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arthrokinematics of rc/mc joint flexion?
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anterior roll
posterior slide |
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what limits rc/mc joint flexion?
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dorsal radiocarpal ligament
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arthrokinematics of rc/mc joint extension?
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posterior roll
anterior slide |
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what limits rc/mc joint extension?
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ventral radiocarpal ligament
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arthrokinematics of radial deviation?
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roll radially
slide ulnarly |
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what limits radial deviation?
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ulnar collateral ligament
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arthrokinematics of ulnar deviation?
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roll ulnarly
slide radially |
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what limits ulnar deviation?
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radial collateral deviation
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compression forces can cause what at the rc/mc joints?
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collapse
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what prevents collapse?
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passive ligaments
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damage to rc/mc ligaments could cause?
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collapse
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what happens at the distal and proximal carpal rows during collapse?
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one could extend the other flex and the carpal bones could pile up on top of each other
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what are the loose and close packed joint positions of the rc/mc?
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loose = anatomical resting pos
close= full extension and or full radial deviation |
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during ulnar deviation what ligaments are stretched?
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radial collateral ligament and some volar ligaments close to the RCL
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what muscles are the wrist flexors?
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1. flexor carpi radialis
2. flexor carpi ulnaris 3. palmaris longus |
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finger flexion causes what at the wrist and why?
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reduced wrist flexion strength bc of shortening to the flexor muscles
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wrist flexion does what to the finger?
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reduces flexed finger strength
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elbow flexion does what do the wrist?
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shortens wrist flexors and reduces strength
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what is the primary goal of the wrist extensors is?
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to maintain optimal length of finger flexors
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during finger flexion what does the wrist do?
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wrist would flex and wrist extensors keep the wrist extended
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during elbow extension what happens to the wrist extensors?
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shorten wrist extensors and decrease their strength
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tennis elbow, lateral epicondylitis, involves degeneration of?
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proximal tendons of wrist extensors attaching on the lateral epicondyle
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lateral epicondylitis is associated with what kind of activities?
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that require a strong grip and repetitive wrist extension
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what do the primary wrist flexors and extensors have in common?
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more superficial
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what muscle is a better wrist flexor?
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flexor carpi radialis
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what muscles are the radial deviators?
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ECRB
ECRL FCR EPL EPB APL FPL |
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what do the radial deviators have in common?
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they insert on the radial side of the wrist
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what muscles are the ulnar deviators?
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ECU
FCU |
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what do the ulnar deviators have in common?
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they have insertion points on the ulnar side of the wrist
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all the muscles of the wrist have dual effects but they are either a better at?
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flexion or extension or
radial or ulnar deviation |
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when are FCU and ECU antagonists and around what axis?
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around mediolateral axis during flexion and extension
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when are FCU and ECU synergists and around what axis?
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A/P axis during ulnar deviation
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distal muscles have:
1. CSA 2. Fatigue 3. # muscle fibers |
1. smaller CSA
2. less fatigue-resistant 3. fewer muscle fibers per motor unit |
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mechanics of distal muscles:
1. inertia? 2. friction/dampening 3. act like pendulums 4. control |
1. less inertia
2. more friction/dampening 3.less able to act like pendulums 4. control based on joint position than force |
