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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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wrist sprains |
hyperextension hyperflexion ususally falling on hand often dorsal pain most common instability occurs between scaphoid and lunate management: rule out fracture esp: scaphoid fracture standard acute nsaids |
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finger sprains |
hyperextension/varus/valgus collaterals (moi: excessive valgus and varus stress) volar plate (moi hyp ext) thumb abduction or Game Keeper ulnar collateral of thumb moi: MP in ext and forceful abduction |
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subungal hematoma |
drain, infection possible |
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paronycia |
infection with ingrown nail |
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strains |
tendons crossing joint (strong) repetitve motion = overuse eccentric loads |
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lunate disclocation |
moi: axial loading displaces in volar direction caution: compression of median nerve in carpal tunnel |
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distal radius/ulna with carpal or radial fracture |
moi: hyperextension hyperpronation - ulna dorsal dislocation hypersupination - ulna volar dislocation |
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finger dislocation |
moi = hyperextension and axial loading |
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handle bar palsy |
ulanr (hamate, pisiform) nerve compression |
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cyclist's palsy |
due to leaning on handlebar for extended period of time. leads to swelling in hypothenar area. symptoms mimic ulnar nerve entrapment syndrome but disappears after ed of ride key: poper padding, varying hand position |
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median nerve entrapment carpal tunnel syndrome |
median nerve passes through flexor digitorum and pronator teres (passes under transverse lig) due to direct traume, repetitive overuse or anatomic anomalies s+s: awakening in the middle of night- often relieved by shaking out their hands pain, numbess, or tingling sensation only in finger tips on palmar aspect of thumb, index and middle finger weak thumb abduction |
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ulnar nerve entrapment |
ulnar tunnel syndrome due to repetitive compressive trauma to the planar aspect of the hand passes between hook of hamate and pisiform (tunnel of guyon) s+s: numbness in the ulnar nerve distribution (Esp: little finger) slight weakness in grip strength |
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radial nerve entrapment |
distal posterior interosseous nerve syndrome -due to compression associated with repetitive and forceful wrist dorsi flexion s+s: deep, dull ache in wrist reproduced with wrist extension and deep palpation of forearm superficial radial nerve entrapment compressed at the wrist. aggravated by repeated pronation and supination s+s: burning pain and sensory changes dorsoradial aspect of wrist, hand, dorsal thumb and index finger |
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colles'/smith's fracture |
distal radius with displacement of distal fragment dorsally |
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Monteggia's |
distal ulna with associated dislocation of radial head |
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Galeazzi's |
distal radius with associated dislocation or subluxation of distal radioulnar joint |
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scaphoid fracture |
s+s: (70% of carpal fractures) history of falling on an outstretched hand point tenderness anatomical snuffbox pain with inward pressure along long axis increase pain with wrist extension and radial deviation peak incidence between 12-15 years old concern: aseptic necrosis |
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lunate fracture |
rare in sports difficult because a large portion of the lunate is cartilagenous s+s: dorsal wrist pain, swelling and weakness of wrist associated with use concern: kienbocks's disease (Avascular necrosis) |
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hamate fractures |
direct impact-when stricking a stationary object with a raquet or a club in full swing s+s: tenderness-hypothenar mass painful RROM abduction of the small finger decreased grip strength |
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triquetrum fracture |
caused by impingement of ulnar styloid into dorsum of triquetrum s+s: history of acute wrist dorsiflexion injury and deviated to ulnar side or direct trauma pain-dorsal wrist over triquetrum |
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metacarpal fractures |
of prox end of metacarpal moi: axial compression s+s: increase pain and palpable-pain directly over involved metacarpal increased pain with percussion and compression management: immobilize in postion of function |
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boxer's fracture |
distal metaphysis or neck of 4th and 5th metacarpal |
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benett and rolando fracture |
articular fracture - prox end of 1st metacarpal moi: axial compression pull of APL tendon displaces shaft proximally deep volar ligaments holds small medial fragment in place - fx - dislocation rolando is the same but without the dislocation |
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fibrocartilaginous tear |
between lunate/triquetral and ulna unla deviation with extension radioulnar seperating |
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mallet finger |
distal extensor tendon rupture/avulsion from distal phalanx rupture of extensor tendon mechanism: forceful of PIP while extensor tendon is taunt |
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boutonniere |
middle phalanx extensor tendon rupture moi: rapid forceful flexion of PIP result: hyperextension at MCP flexion of PIP hyperextension of DIP |
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jersey finger |
rupture of flexor digitorum profundus from distal phalanx moi: rapid extension (from active flexion) |
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trigger finger |
snapping of flexor tendons locking of nodule passing annular ligament finger flexors contract but are unable to reextend |
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wrist ganglion |
sheath/tendon herniation often dorsal but also present in the volar aspect |
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Dupuytren's contracture |
nodules develop in palmar aponeurosis that limit finger extension and cause a flexion deformity |
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gymnast's wrist |
stress fracture to distal radial epiphyseal plate mechanism: compression |
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DeQuervain's Tenosynovitis |
stenosing tenosynovitis of ext pol br, abd pol long moi: a forceful grasp combined with repetitive use of thumb and ulnar deviation |
