Wq Pharm - Intro To Cns

Front 1

Metabotropic recs are typically coupled to what kind of protein?

What is another name to a metabotropic G-protein that is directly linked to an ion channel?

Back 1

G-proteins

membrane delimited metabotropic receptor

Front 2

What do membrane delimited metabotropic receptors do (2)?

Back 2

1) Inhibit presyn Ca channels to decrease NT rls

OR

2) Open postsyn K channels to hyperpolarize the neuron

Front 3

Name 4 types of drugs that interact directly with membrane delimited metabotropic receptors:

Back 3

Cocaine
Amphetamines
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Antidepressants

Front 4

What mental functions does ACH contribute to (5)?

Back 4

Cognition
Arousal
Memory
Attention
Learning

Front 5

Describe ACH's function in Alzheimer's

Back 5

Degenerated cholinergic pathways between the (Nuc Basalis + septum) and the (cerebral cortex + hippocampus)

Front 6

Describe ACH's function in dopamine reg

Back 6

There are cholinergic neurons in the corpus striatum that regulate DA.

Front 7

Describe ACH's function in Schizophrenia?

Back 7

We know there is a link to M4 recs

Front 8

What do M1 recs bind?
What is their function?
Where are they found?

Back 8

1) bind ACH
2) Excitatory. Increase DAG.
3) Widely distributed

Front 9

What do M2 recs bind?
What is their function?
Where are they found (2)?

Back 9

1) Bind ACH
2) Inhibitory. Dec cAMP & inc K conductance
3) Hippocampus & cortex

Front 10

Nic recs usually do what?

And are usually coupled to what?

Back 10

Excite

Na channels

Front 11

Name three types of drugs that alter cholinergic fcn in the brain.

Back 11

1) Nicotine
2) Muscarinic rec agonists
3) Cholinesterase inhibs

Front 12

NE is linked to depression how?

NE is linked to pain regulation how?

NE excites via direct or indirect mechs?

Back 12

Low NE = depression

Via the descending noradrenergic pathway

Both

Front 13

NE recs. Excitatory or inhib?

a1:
a2 (2):
B1 & B2:

Back 13

a1: Excitatory. Inc DAG

a2: Inhibitory. Presyn via dec Ca influx and Postsyn via inc K conductance & dec cAMP

B1 & B2: Excitatory. Inc cAMP & dec K

Front 14

What role does DA play in Parkinson's (2)?

What role does DA play in Schizo?

Back 14

Dec mobility is the result of degeneration of nigro-striatal system and too little DA.

Overabundance of cortical DA

Front 15

What role does DA play in addiction?

What occurs when they get their fix/drug of choice?

Back 15

Poorly functioning DA pathways from Ventral Tegmental Area to (Nuc acc & prefrontal cortex)

Their drug of choice makes this pathway work/feel better.

Front 16

What do all DA recs have in common (2)?

D1:
D2 is just like:

Back 16

Inhibitory. Metabotropic.

D1 is inhibitory, but increases cAMP somehow.

Just like a2 recs: presyn = dec Ca influx and Postsyn = inc K and dec cAMP

Front 17

List some drug types that affect DA (3)?

Back 17

Antipsychotics
Anti-Parkinson's
Some antidepressants

Front 18

Where are 5-HT/serotonin neurons usually found?

Back 18

From the raphe nuc to the (limbic sys & cerebral cortex)

Front 19

What role does 5-HT play in sleep?

Depression, schizophrenia?

OCD?

Temp, appetite, sleep, Neuroendocrine rls?

Back 19

Promotes sleep

Implicated in

Low 5-HT is likely responsible

regulates

Front 20

5-HT recs

5-HT1A: (also, acts like?)
5-HT2A: (also, implicated in?)

Back 20

5-HT1A: inhib via inc K conductance. Acts like GABA

5-HT2A: Excitatory. Inc DAG. Implicated in Schizophrenia.

Front 21

5-HT recs

5-HT3: (also, implicated in?)
5-HT4:

Back 21

5-HT3: excitatory. ionotropic. Implicated in nausea.

5-HT4: excitatory. dec K conductance.

Front 22

GABA is best known as:

Is usually found:

Increased GABA =
Decreased GABA =

Back 22

A major inhibitory NT

in interneurons

More GABA = less anxiety
Less GABA = seizures

Front 23

What does GABA have to do with IPSPs?

What gets converted to GABA?

Back 23

The speed of IPSPs (slow/fast) depends on which GABA rec is stimulated.

Glutamate

Front 24

GABA-A recs

Result:
Construction:
Site of action for 3 B's:

Back 24

Ionotropic. rapid inhib.

5 subunit rec that increases Cl conductance

*Site of action for barbituates, benzos, & booze*

Front 25

GABA-B recs

Result (2):

Located in:

Back 25

Inhibitory via G proteins that either dec Ca influx or increase K conductance. Cause decrease in mm spasticity.

spinal cord

Front 26

What is glutamate in the CNS (2)?

What type of recs does it act on (2)?

Back 26

A (generally) excitatory AA NT and a precursor for GABA.

Ionotropic and metabotropic recs

Front 27

Ionotropic glutamate recs

General:

Three types:
Which are divided by:

Back 27

Excitatory by increasing cation conductance

NMDA, AMPA, Kainic acid

selective agonist

Front 28

Ionotropic glutamate recs - NMDA

Alters which cations (3)?
Contained in which CNS neurons?
Requires what to fcn?

Back 28

N-Methyl-D-Aspartate

Inc Na, dec Ca, permeable to K

In all CNS neurons

Requires binding of glycine to fcn

Front 29

Ionotropic glutamate recs - NMDA

What blocks these recs until depol?

What also acts on these recs?

Back 29

Mg

Aspartate

Front 30

Ionotropic glutamate recs - NMDA

Ke role in (2) via enhancement of (1):

Implicated in (2):

Back 30

Memory & learning via enhancement of LT potentiation

Excess NMDA recs & glutamate may cause seizures & stroke neurotoxicity

Front 31

Ionotropic glutamate recs - AMPA

Contained in which CNS neurons?

Back 31

a-amino-3-OH-5-methylisoxazole-4

Found in nearly all CNS neurons

Front 32

Ionotropic glutamate recs- Kainic acid

Found in (3):

Back 32

hippocampus, cerebellum, & spinal cord

Front 33

Glycine

Action:

Found in:

Blocked by...causing:

Back 33

Inhibitory. Inc Cl conductance

Brainstem & spinal cord interneurons

Strychnine

Front 34

What do strychnine-insensitive glycine recs do?

Back 34

Regulate NMDA recs

Front 35

Which cannabinoid are we concerned what is it assoc with?

Back 35

delta9-THC

Memory, cognition, pain, & modulation of NT rls

Front 36

What do NMDA recs have to do with NO?

What else does this?

Back 36

Activated NMDA recs stimulate NOS production, resulting in inc NO

Ca-calmodulin sys

Front 37

Opiods & recs

Beta-endorphins assoc with:
Enkephalins assoc with:
Dynorphins assoc with:

Back 37

mu recs
delta recs
kappa recs

Front 38

How does capsaicin cause localized pain relief?

Back 38

Inhibits the rls of Substance P from neurons

Front 39

Name some other neuropeptides (6): [NY,N,S,VIP,TRH]

Back 39

Neuropeptide Y, Neurotensin, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, thyrotropin releasing hormone

Front 40

Which channels usually cause hyperpolarization?

Depolarization?

Back 40

Increased conduction of Cl-

Na

Front 41

What is the DOC for mania?

Back 41

Lithium

Front 42

What are the gene changes are implicated in depression (2)?

Back 42

CREB1 on chromosome #2 and BDNF