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18 Cards in this Set

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What is the Schlieffen Plan?
Who executed the plan?
Who was involved?
What was the outcome?
The Schlieffen Plan was a plan executed by Alfred von Schlieffen.The Schlieffen Plan was a plan the Germans created to invade France through Belgium during World War 1. The Germans though that their plan was going to carry out through easily, that is at least until the Germans were stopped by the Belgium army and the Russian army surprised Germany by advancing to East Prussia. The Schlieffen plan involved the Germans, French, Russians, and British. This plan made people realize that the war was not going to be over as soon as they thought.
Who was Borden?
How did he win the 1917 election?
What were his policies/beliefs?
Borden was Prime Minister of Canada during 1911-1920. He won the 1917 election because while he was still he office he formed the War Time Elections Act. The Act allowed women connected/related to the soldiers to vote, soldiers fighting in the front line could vote, and foreign immigrants (enemy aliens) could not vote. Borden wanted conscription and Laurier did not. Borden made is so that the people who wanted conscription could have a right to vote- people who were related to soldiers fighting in the war or the soldiers themselves would want conscription. Borden also knew that enemy aliens would want to vote for Laurier, so he denied them the right to vote.
How did the English Canadians respond to the call of war?
Many English Canadians supported Britain in the war, but their Canadian ties made them less devoted in supporting Britain in the war. Those who still had close ties to Britain enlisted in the war to support their country, others who stayed behind in Canada supported the war by buying victory bonds.
How did the French Canadians respond to the call of war?
Yes, France was fighting in World War 1, but not very many French Canadians were enthusiastic about enlisting because they did not support the war. Although the numbers were no way near that of the English Canadians 35,000 did enlist and bought bravely. The women contributed to the war by working in factories to produce materials needed in the war (munitions);
How did the Native People respond to the call of war?
Prime Minister Borden's government discouraged Native People from enlisting in the war, but in the end they gave in as the number of volunteers were dwindling. In 1915 Borden's government changed the policy and Native People were allowed to enlist. The Native People fighting in the war won medals in practically all major land battles. Many of those returning from the war suffered from illnesses, diseases, and were injured. The women donated money, goods, invested in victory bonds, formed patriotic leagues, Red Cross societies, and other charity groups.
How did the Black Canadians respond to the call of war?
Canada in 1914, like most of the world, was a racist country and did not want those of different color/race to enlist in the war. Although the Black Canadians had fought in the war of 1812 and the Upper Canada Rebellion they were still not allowed to enlist. It was not until 1916 when a Black battalion was formed, the first and last, that the Black Canadians were allowed to be a part of the war. The Black Canadians were still not allowed to fight, so instead they were sent to do manual labor such as logging, milling, shipping, and trench digging. Black Canadians who were apart of World War 1 said that they were fighting for their people to have a country to live in.
How did the German Canadians respond to the call of war?
By 1914 the 400,000 German Canadians made Canada's third largest ethnic group at the time. Although not often mentioned thousands of Germans enlisted in the war with Canada, but many people had bad feelings against German Canadians as war casualties mounted and deaths increased. Bars, restaurants, hotels, ect. owned by Germans were raided by angry Canadians and were shut down.
How did the Ukrainian Canadians respond to the call of war?
Ukrainians who moved to Canada came from Austria and Hungry (the two countries in the Triple Alliance-fighting against the British) were considered enemy aliens. About 171,000 lived in Canada at the time and many were beaten and violence occurred. Yet, 10,000 enlisted in the war.
How did the Japanese Canadians respond to the call of war?
The Japanese wanted to enlist in the war so that they could gain rights and show their loyalty. The Canadian Japanese Association was looking for volunteers to serve in the Canadian army and many immigrants came to Vancouver ready to volunteer. The Canadian Japanese Association wired Ottawa that the volunteers were ready. The government's reply was that they were not wanted because the had different customs, a strange language, a different appearance, and that they would not make good Canadian citizens. A while later, the government allowed the Japanese to volunteer and out of the 196 volunteers 54 were killed and 93 were wounded, only 59 returned safely.
How was Vimy Ridge a success for Canadians?
How did this battle change Canada's role in the British Empire?
Vimy Ridge was a strong defensive position for the Germany, meaning that it was highly wanted by the British and the French. Many attempts had been made by the British and the French to overtake Vimy Ridge, but none were successful. In 1917 Canada helps to conquer Vimy Ridge in a battle. This changes Canada's role in the British Empire as their are seen for the first time as their own country, not part of the British Empire.
What are alliances?
Who was included in these alliances?
How might alliances be a negative thing in relation to war?
In World War 1 there are two alliances, the Triple Entente ("the Allies") and the the Triple Alliance ("the Central Powers"). Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Alliance ("the Allies") and Germany, Italy, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire formed the Triple Alliance ("the Central Powers"). These alliances could be a negative in relation to war as an attack against one nation in the alliance would be seen/treated as an attack against all nations in that alliance.
What are a few examples of new technology that is introduced during World War 1?
Type of technology that were being developed were: aeroplanes, chemical gases, tanks, machine guns, and flamethrowers. This new weapons were both beneficial and non-beneficial in World War 1.
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
How do you think it may of created conflict or another war?
The Treaty of Versailles is named after where it was signed, in Versailles (a city) just outside of Paris in France. The Treaty was signed in 1919 and was a formal treaty that ended World War 1. The armistice imposed hard terms on the Germans as the Allies felt that Germany must be placed in a position where it would be impossible for them to resume war. According to the terms of the armistice Germany had to:
1.Evacuate all territories captured during the war and surrender all its overseas colonies
2.Withdraw all troops 10km east of the Rhine River and leave behind all artillery, machine guns, trucks, and other equipment.
3.Surrender its navy and all merchant ships
4.Compensate the Allies for war damages
5.Surrender most of its railway rolling stock and locomotives to France and Belgium
What were the changing roles of women in World War 1?
During the beginning of the war Women were not wanted by labor unions, and so when women were needed to work in factories to produce war materials the labor unions protested. The needs of the Imperial Munitions Board won the dispute and so women were allowed a place in the work force, this meant that the women could support themselves, the war, and their children even though they earned less money then men workers would. Many Canadian women enlisted as nurses and served in Canadian and British field hospitals. Also Canadian would served in the Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Air Force driving vehicles, others made their way to Europe as volunteers with the British Red Cross. Thousands of Canadian women also worked in victory-bond drives and in the Canadian civil service. Women were beginning to be of more importance to the war.
What are the main causes of World War 1?
The main causes of World War 1 are:
1.Nationalism- nations believing that their way of life was superior to others
2.Militarism- nations competing to have the strongest military forces
3.Alliances- countries would form an alliance with one another so that if an attack was placed against one nation in that alliance the attack would be treated as an attack against all nations in that alliance
4. Assassination- the assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne and his wife also helped start the war
How did Canada help pay for the war?
World War 1 was the most expensive war the world had ever had at that time. To help finance the war the government resorted to three different methods to raise the money:
1.War loans- the government would borrow investors' money and in return pay them a return of five percent of the money they gave the government, this method raised 179 million dollars. This method was formed and first used in 1915.
2.Victory bonds- Around 1917 and 1919 the finance minister offered another method of raising money, it was called victory bonds. People would buy victory bonds and then at the end of the war depending on how many victory bonds they bought they would receive a certain amount of money back (a return of 5.5 percent). Victory bonds raised 1,739 million dollars.
3. Income War tax- In 1917 the government made a tax in Canada called the Income War Tax. The tax collected 3 percent of the gross earnings of a family that earned more than 3000 a year, this meaning that all wealthy people or upper middle class had to pay the tax. Canadians were assured that the tax would end when the war did, but it did not.
What is the War Times Election Act?
The War Times Election Act was an Act made by Borden's government while we was still in office before the election. This act stated that nurses, wives, sisters, and mothers of the soldiers could vote, that soldiers fighting in the front line could vote, and that enemy aliens (who would most likely vote for Laurier) could not vote. In other words while in office Borden made it so that the people who would want conscription were able to vote, Borden wanted conscription as the numbers of causalities were higher than the number of people enlisting in the war. The War Times Election act helped Borden win the election and put conscription into action. Laurier thought that conscription would split Canada as the French were against fighting, and he was right. Conscription proved to be ineffective and in result of protests and violence four people died in Quebec.
Who was Sam Hughes?
What was his significance to World War 1?
Sam Hughes was Minister of Militia, and he dealt with the supplies that would be sent to Canadian troops. Sam Hughes rewarded contracts to his friends, which often lead to faulty, dangerous goods. Sam Hughes was nicknamed "Sir Sam Shoes" for giving a contract to a friend that supplied boots with cardboard soles. In 1915, Prime Minister Borden took control of the supplies and set up a War Purchasing Commission. Borden also established the Imperial Munitions Board (IMB) in 1915. The IMB was placed under the control of Joseph Flavelle and he broke labor strikes, revoked contracts if faulty goods were being produced, and handled complaints by using the provisions of the War Measures Act.