World Studies-Mcdougol Littel- Chpt 15 Sec 1-2

Front 1

renassiance

Back 1

A movement folowing the middle ages that cwentered on revival of the interest in the classical learning of greece and rome

Front 2

Humanists

Back 2

People who specialize in studying the humanities which include grammar, history, poetry, and rhetoric

Front 3

Who was Isabella d'Este?

Back 3

An intelligent woman who used her wealth to support artist and scholaes. She even housed many writters, sculptors and painters in her house.

Front 4

Francesco Petrarch

Back 4

one of the first humanists, lived in 1300's. Became famous as a scholar and teacher. He studied the writtings of ancient Greek and Rome.

Front 5

Niccolo Machiavelli

Back 5

a Florentine diplomat and historian, lived in late 1400's. Wrote about government and political success.

Front 6

What technique did renaissance painters use?

Back 6

Perspective. To make their paintings more life-like. Used flat canvases and made illusion.

Front 7

Lenonardo da Vinci

Back 7

lived in the late 1500's. He was an architect, engineer, painter, sculptor and scientist. one of the greatest artist of all time.

Front 8

Who was Michaelangelo?

Back 8

An artist eho lived in the 1500's,painted the chapel ceiling in the Vatican.

Front 9

how were ideas passed?

Back 9

mountain pass through the Alps allowed people to pass ideas from italy to northern europe

Front 10

Who was Johannes Gutenberg?

Back 10

first european to use movable type to print books. Used the printing press to print the bible

Front 11

howd press

Back 11

It allowed them to print the bible

Front 12

Who was Desiderius Erasmus and why important?

Back 12

Humanist in Northern Europe who lived in the late 1400's. Studied Greek and Roman Culture.

Front 13

Who was Thomas More & why is he important

Back 13

A humanist and a friend of Erasmus. Also studied the classic. ended up writting about an imaginary place called a utopia

Front 14

Renaissance

Back 14

the rebirth of religon and the arts.

Front 15

Francesco Petrarch

Back 15

A humanist who became famous as a scholar and a teacher. He was known for writting poetry.

Front 16

Isabella d'Este

Back 16

a brilliant women who used her wealth to support artists and scholars.

Front 17

humanists

Back 17

a person who studied grammar, history, poetry, and rhetoric.

Front 18

Niccolo Machiavelli

Back 18

a diplomat and historian who wrote about government.

Front 19

Lenardo de Vinci

Back 19

an architect, engineer, painter, sculptor and scientist. He used math to map out drawings.

Front 20

Michaelangelo

Back 20

a billiant painter who was known for painting the ceiling of the vatican.

Front 21

Johannes Gutenberg

Back 21

He created the printing press. He used it to print the first copy of the bible.

Front 22

Desiderius Erasmus

Back 22

a dutch scholar who wrote about greek and roman culture.

Front 23

Thomas More

Back 23

an english humanist who wrote about the corruption of government.

Front 24

William Shakespeare

Back 24

one of the leading literary figures of all-time

Front 25

Flemish School

Back 25

these painters are credited with perfecting certain techniques of painting in oil on canvas

Front 26

Reformation

Back 26

A religious revolution when there was a split in the church

Front 27

Martin Luther

Back 27

Originally he was a monk and then when thrown out of the Catholic religon, he created the Luthern religon

Front 28

Sects

Back 28

groups of religious people in Germany and Switzerland.

Front 29

Theocracy

Back 29

a government ruled by religious leaders

Front 30

John Calvin

Back 30

A French Protestant

Front 31

How did the Crusades start?

Back 31

Muslims held control of the Holy land and Pope Urban II said god wills it and that started the crusades

Front 32

First Crusades

Back 32

lasted from 1096 to 1099. The muslim took the city of antioch. The crusaders massacred the Muslims and Jews and regained the Holy lland. Christians displyed feudalism and subdivided land in Holy land.

Front 33

background on Crusades

Back 33

The christians held the holy land for 100 years before the muslims took it back.

Front 34

Second Crusade

Back 34

Muslims joined forces and held the Holy Land. King Louis VII and Conrad III sent seperate armies to regain the Holy Land. They combined forces at the holy land

Front 35

Third Crusade

Back 35

Saladin and Muslims held controll over the holy land. 3 seperate christian sent to win it back and failed. Christian then made a truce with Saladin where the could enter freely.

Front 36

The Fourth Crusade

Back 36

Christian armies fought and looted Zadar and Constatinople which are both Christians cities.

Front 37

Other Crusades

Back 37

In 1212 the children's crusade started. Young Christians tried to win back the holy land and fell and so did the Crusades.

Front 38

Result of the Crusades

Back 38

In the end the Muslim's controlled Palestine.

Front 39

Weapons and Warefare

Back 39

Crossbow was the weapon of choice. It was strong and it was held horizantally. They also learned to use catapults. The Muslims created gun power.

Front 40

Political Changes

Back 40

Rich loards had to sell their land to fund the crusade. Therefore, with less lords the Eurpoean kings became stronger. The kings made new taxes and combined armies

Front 41

The Counter-Reform

Back 41

Many Catholics were changing to Lutherns. So the Catholic church started the Counter Reform. The Counter Reform was an attempt to gain more power and more catholics.

Front 42

Counter Reform tactics

Back 42

They wanted to change Spanish punishments. They also pubkushed the inde of forbidden books. Most books were burned.

Front 43

Soldiers of the counter reform

Back 43

To strengthen support of the Catholic Church Ignatius de Loyla established a society of jesus called jesuits. Te Jesuits vowed chasity, poverty, and obediance. The jesuits traveled the world to spread religon.

Front 44

Reults of Religious up heaval

Back 44

The period didn't bring tolerence. Jesuits began starting schools to teach the beliefs of god. The reform led to more government power and decreased power for the pope.