World Religions Final Test

Front 1

Analects

Back 1

Collections of sayings attributed to Confucius

Front 2

DaoDeJing or Taoteching

Back 2

The Book of the Way and its Power attributed to Laotzu

Front 3

I Ching

Back 3

The Book of Changes; a divination manual

Front 4

One of the Five Confucian classics; interpreting the 64 hexagrams or combinations of yin and yang marks

Back 4

I Ching

Front 5

Kojiki

Back 5

The Record of Ancient Matters

Front 6

A collection of Japanese narratives including myths regarding the origins of the world and Japan

Back 6

Kojiki

Front 7

Filial piety

Back 7

The principle of respect for one's parents in the Chinese tradition especially in Confucianism

Front 8

Five Relationships

Back 8

(The five reciprocal relationships; central to Confucianism; each role has specific norms and duties of moral conduct)
1. Ruler to minister
2. Father to son
3. Husband to wife
4. Elder to younger brother
5. Friend to friend

Front 9

Kami

Back 9

The invisible spirits throughout nature that evoke wonder and awe in us

Front 10

Rectification

Back 10

In Confucian thought precision of thought and words such that names have exact meanings

Front 11

Correspondence of projected image and inner essence; one should fulfill his or her role within society

Back 11

Rectification

Front 12

Ren or Yen

Back 12

Confucian ideal of being "fully human" in ethics, manners, and cultivation

Front 13

Wu-wei

Back 13

Noninterference; action w/o action

Front 14

Ideal in Daoism allowing things to run their natural course

Back 14

Wu-wei

Front 15

Yang

Back 15

The masculine principle;
complement of yin;
characterized as aggressive, hard, dry, and bright

Front 16

Yin

Back 16

The feminine principle; complement of yang; characterized as accommodating, soft, moist, and dark

Front 17

Ancestor Veneration

Back 17

Worship, feeding, petitioning to the souls of dead ancestors at graves, temples or home altars

Front 18

Feng-Shui

Back 18

Wind and water based on belief that unseen energies flowing through the world influence our lives for good or bad

Front 19

Guides avoiding bad energy and drawing on good energy especially used in laying out a house or business

Back 19

Feng-Shui

Front 20

The science of having a building's environment in harmony with the environment

Back 20

Feng-Shui

Front 21

Misogi

Back 21

The Shinto waterfall purification ritual

Front 22

Oharai or Oharae

Back 22

Great Purification;
Shinto purification ceremony;
ceremony to cast out sins and impurities of the entire population

Front 23

Performed regularly on the last day of June and December;
may also be performed on special occasions when required such as during a time of pestilence or disaster or on the advent of a major festival

Back 23

Oharae

Front 24

Haiden

Back 24

The outer portion of the Shinto shrine that is the hall of worship where visitors worship and offer prayers

Front 25

Honden

Back 25

The inner portion of the Shinto shrine that contains sacred objects and where the spirit of the kami is enshrined

Front 26

Ise

Back 26

Shrine dedicated to the sun goddess;
aka Jingu which refers to a high status shrine with a deep relationship with the Imperial household or enshrines an emperor

Front 27

Jinga

Back 27

Shinto Shrine;
Shinto worship area;
building or grounds enshrining a spirit or a deity or deities

Front 28

About 80,000 of these in Japan;
have various shapes and sizes;
many are located in pure natural surroundings

Back 28

Jinga (shrines)

Front 29

Kanda Matsuri

Back 29

In May, floats filled with portable shrines and dancers are paraded thru Tokyo in honor of deities at the Kanda shrine

Front 30

Lantern festival

Back 30

In Daoism, this is the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations on the 15th day of the first lunar month

Front 31

People roam the streets looking at a great array of paper lanterns and enjoying ion dances, dragon dances, fireworks, acrobatics, and rice balls

Back 31

Lantern festival

Front 32

New Year's Festival

Back 32

Begins in December with ceremonial house cleaning and placing bamboo and pine trees in the doorways to welcome the kami;
December 31st is the national day of purification in Japan

Front 33

Special activities for this day occur in the home and the shrines;
at the shrine may be hamaya or a symbolic arrow for the home to drive away bad luck

Back 33

New Year's Festival

Front 34

3-5-7

Back 34

Shichi-go-san;
Shinto festival where children of ages 3, 5, and 7 are taken to the shrine on November 15 to ask protection from the kami

Front 35

Amaterasu

Back 35

The kami of the sun and the one from which the Japanese imperial line comes;
Sun goddess

Front 36

Dao/Tao

Back 36

Mysterious power that moves the universe and all beings;
The "Way" in Chinese;
for Daoists, the idea of the way describes the dynamic flow or nature and prescribes naturalness as a guiding principle in human affairs

Front 37

T'ai Chi Chu symbol and Yin Yang symbol represent this;
The circular shape represents the continuing cycle of the Tao and the two adjacent colors symbolize the balance and harmony of opposing forces;
also represents the interaction with the white spot in the dark and the dark spot in the white

Back 37

Dao/Tao

Front 38

Gohei

Back 38

Wooden wands decorated with 2 shide (zigzag paper streamers) used in Shinto rituals; the streamers are usually white, but can be any color;
the zigzag paper streamers are attached to straw ropes used to mark sacred precincts

Front 39

The shrine priests use these to bless or sanctify in Shinto rituals;
used in ceremonial practices, but usually used to cleanse the sacred place in temples and to cleanse, bless, or exorcise any objects that is thought to have negative energy;
also used as an object of worship in Shinto shrines

Back 39

Gohei

Front 40

Onusa

Back 40

Wooden wand used in Shinto rituals decorated with many shide (zigzag paper streamers);
when the shide are attached to a hexagonal or octagonal staff if can be called a haraegushi;
waved left and right during purification rituals

Front 41

Pa-Kua

Back 41

Contains 8 trigrams of Yin and Yang ringing the tao;
encapsulates the healing, balancing, harmonizing, righteous, and loving powers in the universe;
radiates and shields people with these powers

Front 42

Swatsika

Back 42

The 4-spoked wheel of 4-armed cross symbolizing the cycle of rebirth

Front 43

Sakaki

Back 43

A sacred evergreen tree found at Shinto shrines;
gohei are hung on the branches to invoke the presence of the kami;

Front 44

Sakaki (2)

Back 44

Gohei made of sakaki tree and bamboo tied with hemp and paper strips are called Oho-nusa;
used in an old Japanese rule of etiquette where a a present to a superior should be delivered attached to a branch of a tree to mark the respectful aloofness of the giver to the receiver

Front 45

Torii

Back 45

Ever open sacred gateway at the entrance to all shrine grounds in Shinto