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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Philosophy? |
a systematic investigation into the nature of reality, grounded in the use of reason |
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central ideas of philosophy
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metaphysics, epistemology, ethics
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Metaphysics
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What is out there? |
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Epistemology
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How we know what's out there. Theory of knowledge. |
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Ethics
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How we should act in relation to what is out there. |
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Analects
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collection of passages
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Antiquity
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old times, the past |
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Ethical Cultivation
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being a good person is based on practice |
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Major Themes of Confucius Thought
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humanism |
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Humanism
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major theme of Confucius thought |
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Ritual/Tradition
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a major theme in Confucius thought |
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Virtue
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a major theme in Confucius thought |
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Care with Distinctions
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a major theme in Confucius thought |
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Moral Leadership/Moral Education |
a major theme in Confucius thought |
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Rites |
codes of proper conduct |
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Ritual
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ritual and etiquette provide the arena in which to practice ethical cultivation |
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Mandate of Heaven |
- Describes the moral authority to rule - helped people understand political revolution
- rulers divinly allowed - if a ruler was allowed to be toppled by someone else it was because they had become immoral and had lost favor with the heavens |
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Being Virtuous (3 things) |
1 - do the right thing
2 - do it with the right attitude
3 - express your own dispossitions to do what is right ex) you do what is right simply because that is what you always do |
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Religious Ritual |
the point of it is to have a way to express your obedience |
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Golden Rule |
used to understand virtues: - the extrems will always be corrected - middle balance is the goal |
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Obsequiousness |
you are being overly and artifically respectful
(sycophant) |
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rectification of names |
- the proper naming of things
- C said it would be the first thing he would do to rectify the state
- if you have a position you must live up to the qualities of the nameO |
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Odes |
collection of poems that are culturally important
- C shared with followers, they shared together |
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Virtue Ethics |
Big Picture - a focus on character vs. what is actually wrong and right |
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Virtue |
"te" - character trait that helps you live the best kind of life - personal character - the best kind of life is to hone one's virtues
Good actions are not enough one needs to cultivate the proper attitudes and dispositions to be fully virtuous - it is something you enjoy, it enhanses one's moral sense |
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Gentleman |
someone who is progressing on a path of moral cultivation |
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Specific Virtues |
Benevolence Wisdom Reliability/Dutifulness Reverence Courage Filial Love and Respect |
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Benevolence |
"ren" goodness / human-heartedness / humanity
- self-overcoming by returning to the rites - taking someone else's subjecthood as serious as your own - treating others as if you are standing in their shoes |
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Wisdom |
- the ability to preserve the moral truth behind a rite - even if the rite is modified
- also involves the humanity to be aware of one's ignorance |
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Reliability / Dutifulness |
"hsin" - the ability to follow through on promises and commitments |
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Reverence |
"ching" - an attitude proper for religious sacrifice. and carried out into one's responsibilities to superiors |
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Courage |
fundamental for the pursuance of an ethical life - but if divorced from benevolence you risk vice |
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Filial Love and Respect |
being a good child |
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Interdependence of Virtues |
hard to develope any virtue without having other virtues - they support each other - they develope together
"Unity of Virtue" |
