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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is watershed?
fraction of rainwater that collects directly into rivers. |
Watershed:Total land area that drains surface water to a common point.
1/5 rainwater |
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Largest Watershed and its effects on the oceans
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Amazon Watershed.
Water released by the Amazon to the Atlantic Ocean is enormous: up to 300,000 m³ per second in the rainy season. The Amazon is responsible for a fifth of the total volume of fresh water entering the oceans worldwide. |
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Largest watershed in US and components
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Mississippi watershed.
Headwaters: the source of the river Mouth: end of river Confluence: the point where two rivers meet Tributary: a smaller river which flows into a larger river |
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3 longest rivers in world
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Nile = 4135 miles
Amazon = 3980 miles Yangtze = 3917 miles |
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how to calculate gradient
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Gradient equals difference of height and base level divided by lateral distance.
Headwater - mouth / length |
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Why is gradient important
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the gradient determines water flow by controlling the amount of force apllied via gravity on the water.
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Gradient of the st.johns river
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1.16 in/mi
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why is swannee river watershed susceptible to pollution?
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1) residential and commercial septic systems in rural areas
2) about 300 row crop and vegetable farms, 3) 44 dairies with more than 25,000 animals 4) 150 poultry operations with more than 38 million birds |
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3 basic types of water pollutants
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biological
physical chemical |
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2 effects of biological pollution
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-Causes disease via pathogens
-Lowers oxygen via microbial metablolism |
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primary productivity
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Primary production is the production of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and chemical nutrients through the process of photosynthesis
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examples of synthestic organic compouunds
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Pesticides
Industrial Solvents and Cleaners Flame Retardants |
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2 basic avenues for pollutants
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non point and point source
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non-point source pollution
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Where: Lawns, Gardens
Golf Courses Agriculture Urban Runoff What: Fertilizers Pesticides Animal Wastes Oil, gas, rubber |
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point source pollution
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Factories/Industry
Wastewater Treatment Landfills Underground Storage Tanks Mines |