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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypothesis
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Formal expression of an idea. Ex: "the smog problem in Salt Lake City is due largely to vehicle exhaust emissions."
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Theory
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Results from extensive observation, reasoning, and testing. Explain a wide range of phenomena. Ex: Einstein's theory of relativity.
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Laws
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Extremely rare. A law is based on numerous observations of natural phenomenon that is true without exception. Ex: The three laws of thermodynamics.
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Can a hypothesis or theory ever be proven?
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No. They can only be supported or refuted by additional evidence.
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Paradigm
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Theoretical framework that guides scientific thinking within a particular scientific discipline. Ex: Ptolemy's view that the earth forms the center of the universe.
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Paradigm Shift
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When new framework replaces the old. Ex: Replacement of Ptolemy's earth-centered theory with Copernicus' sun-centered theory. Other examples include Deep Time, Evolution, and Plate Tectonics.
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Until the 1970's, Dinosaurs were considered to be...
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Sluggish and dimwitted monsters lumbering across the landscape with small brains.
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John Ostrom
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Argued that dinosaurs were active. Also noted many bird-like features on the skeleton of Deinonychus and other theropod dinosaurs, reawakening the idea that birds evolved from dinosaurs or that birds were even dinosaurs themselves. Dinosaurs were now seen as more bird-like than lizard-like.
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