World Music Test 2

Front 1

zurna (surla)

Back 1

Turkish horn

Front 2

Chaghana

Back 2

Turkey. Bells attached to a pavilion or hat shaped ornament atop a stick adorned with crescents. Played by pounding on floor.

Front 3

Davul

Back 3

Turkey. Large, double headed drum, often played with zurna.

Front 4

ney

Back 4

Turkey. A reed flute. Key instrument during the Sema ( a Mevlevi ceremony)

Front 5

Gaida

Back 5

Bulgaria. A goatskin bagpipe, shepherd instrument.

Front 6

Gadulka

Back 6

Bulgaria. A chordophone played vertically, like a vertical violin.

Front 7

Tambura

Back 7

Bulgaria. Like a tiny guitar, has a distinct plucking sound.

Front 8

Kaval

Back 8

Bulgaria. End- blown flute.

Front 9

Tapan

Back 9

Bulgaria. Double headed drum. (Davul in Turkey)

Front 10

Ottoman Empire

Back 10

Influenced Turkey and Bulgaria. Allowed for spread of musical styles and ethnic group interaction.

Front 11

Sufis

Back 11

Turkey. Followers of Sufism, a mystical form of Islam. Belief in tolerance and openness. God is love, only felt through meditation. Sufis organized in orders around a sheikh.

Front 12

Mevlevi Order

Back 12

Turkey. Founded by Mevlana i Rumi, a philosopher and mystic. Important among elite during Ottoman empire. Whirling dervishes,

Front 13

Mehter muzigi (military music)

Back 13

music of special regiment of Janissaries. Involved zurna chaghana, davul.

Front 14

Sufi Music (sema ceremony)

Back 14

Ayin is the name for music of the ceremony. Instruments, singing and whirling. Ney is key instrument. The Sema consists of 4 selams, which symbolize steps to union with God.

Front 15

Bulgarian History

Back 15

Ottoman Empire until 1922, Communism 1944 until 1989, then independence.

Front 16

Chalga

Back 16

Form of Bulgarian music drawing from Turkish, minority and Gypsy (Roma) influences. (Azis). Low class, popular music.

Front 17

Bulgarian State Television Female Vocal Choir

Back 17

Singers chosen from country villages and trained. Sound nasal. Modal scales and dissonant, irregular rhythm (beat).

Front 18

Philip Koutev

Back 18

Founder of Bulgarian State Television Female Vocal choir in 1951.

Front 19

Bulgarian wedding music.

Back 19

Balkan Jazz, Bulgarian Bebop. Based on village wedding tunes from minorities (roma/gypsy)

Front 20

Azis

Back 20

famous Bulgarian politician, chalga style

Front 21

Chalga

Back 21

Form of Bulgarian music drawing from Turkish, minority and Gypsy (Roma) influences. (Azis). Low class, popular music.

Front 22

Bulgarian State Television Female Vocal Choir

Back 22

Singers chosen from country villages and trained. Sound nasal. Modal scales and dissonant, irregular rhythm (beat).

Front 23

Philip Koutev

Back 23

Founder of Bulgarian State Television Female Vocal choir in 1951.

Front 24

Bulgarian wedding music.

Back 24

Balkan Jazz, Bulgarian Bebop. Based on village wedding tunes from minorities (roma/gypsy)

Front 25

Azis

Back 25

famous Bulgarian politician, chalga style

Front 26

Balkan Jazz

Back 26

Ivo Papasov (clarinet) and Yuri Yanakov (saxophone)

Front 27

Monophony

Back 27

1 melodic line

Front 28

poly phony

Back 28

multiple melodic lines

Front 29

heterophony

Back 29

type of polyphony in which all instruments play the same melody

Front 30

Ostap Veresaj

Back 30

Ukraine. blind kobzar (kobza player)

Front 31

kobzar

Back 31

Ukraine. minstrels who play kobza

Front 32

Hutsul people

Back 32

Western Ukraine, used trembita to communicate

Front 33

Gogol Bordello

Back 33

gypsy punk band, does start wearing purple song

Front 34

Dave Taras

Back 34

klezmer clarinet player in US

Front 35

kobza

Back 35

Ukraine instrument. Round, guitar like stringed instrument

Front 36

bandura

Back 36

Ukraine. Larger version of kobza

Front 37

trembita

Back 37

Ukraine. Long horn of the Hutsul people

Front 38

Trojisti Muzyky

Back 38

3 person ensemble made up of: sopilka (flute), tsymably (hung from neck and played on chest), and violin

Front 39

tsymbaly/tsimbl

Back 39

Ukraine/ klezmer. Instrument hung from neck and played on chest. Replaced by accordion in some places.

Front 40

accordion

Back 40

Ukraine origins. replaced tsimbl

Front 41

clarinet

Back 41

klezmer instrument played by Dave Tarras

Front 42

Klezmer

Back 42

Jewish secular music

Front 43

Duma

Back 43

Ukraine. Epic song played by male minstrels on kobza or bandura. Used to spread news among villages

Front 44

maqam

Back 44

system of composing melodies in arabic classical music (similar to raga). Means place/rank in arabic, implies hierarchy of pitches

Front 45

Taquism

Back 45

Most common type of collection of individual pieces played together. 2 parts: an improvised, non metric solo instrumental, and a composed metric ensemble section

Front 46

Zaar

Back 46

Ancient healing ritual involving spirit possession and trance. Still important part of Egyptian baladi (folk culture)

Front 47

'Ud

Back 47

Egypt. Stringed, upright guitar instrument.

Front 48

baladi

Back 48

common rhythm in Arabic music

Front 49

Duff

Back 49

small hand drum, like tambourine minus the bells

Front 50

tabla

Back 50

Egypt. standing up drum, shaped like a hourglass

Front 51

riqq

Back 51

like a tambourine

Front 52

sagat

Back 52

Egypt. hand cymbals

Front 53

qanun

Back 53

Egypt. stringed harpsichord thing, with a board. like a harp with a back

Front 54

nay

Back 54

Egypt. series of flutes

Front 55

Muhammad Abd al- Wahhab

Back 55

Egypt. noted modernist composer, combined many elements of traditional music with Western music

Front 56

Firqa ensemble

Back 56

Egypt. musical ensemble used in Zeina

Front 57

Takht ensemble

Back 57

Egypt. Classical arabic musical ensemble. Includes Qanun, nay, 'ud, vilolin, riqq

Front 58

Umm Kulthum

Back 58

Egyptian female singer, considered embodiment of egyptian values and ideas