World History Unit 4

Front 1

American Revolution

Back 1

Colonists rebelled and forced out British monarchy and aristocracy, overthrew Great Britain, which caused the founding of The United States of Amercia

Front 2

Assembly Line

Back 2

A method that breaks down complex jobs (Industrial Revolution)

Front 3

Berlin Conference 1884

Back 3

European nation agreed on rules to colonization of Africa

Front 4

Bloody Sunday

Back 4

(1905) Peaceful protest of Czar Nicholas II's palace lead by Father Gapon, many people died and it possibly started the revolution

Front 5

Boer Wars (1899-1902)

Back 5

Wars over British control in Africa that was caused on diff. POV's on the treatment of natives

Front 6

Boxer Rebellions

Back 6

Secret society of Chinese (Boxers) who were then shut down by British

Front 7

British East India Company

Back 7

Company that controlled spice trade in East Indies after the Dutch controlled India for more than 200 years

Front 8

Capitulations

Back 8

Agreements that cause Europeans that have more rights that Ottomans

Front 9

Charles Darwin

Back 9

Scientist who created the theory of evolution by natural selection (1809-1882)

Front 10

Communist Manifesto

Back 10

Written by Marx and Engels describing history of working-class according to their views

Front 11

Congress Of Vienna

Back 11

European meetings to to reestablish Vienna after Napoleons invasion

Front 12

Declaration of Independence

Back 12

Asserting independence to colonies of Britin

Front 13

Declaration of the Rights of Man

Back 13

Politicial rights adopted by French at the beginning of French Revolution

Front 14

The Diet of Japan

Back 14

Japan's legislature made up of tow houses

Front 15

Emancipation of Serfs

Back 15

Government officials thought Russia could develop economically if serdfoms were abolished

Front 16

Express Cixi (China)

Back 16

Empress who encouraged Boxer Rebellion

Front 17

Frederich Engels

Back 17

German Philosopher who developed the communist theory alongside Karl Marx

Front 18

Execution of Louis XVI (France)

Back 18

Charged with treason and killed by guillotine on Jan. 21, 1783

Front 19

Miguel Hidalgo (Mexico)

Back 19

Mexican priest and was considered a leader in Mexican independence

Front 20

Indian National Congress

Back 20

Political Party that demanded greater Indian participation in government

Front 21

Intolerable Acts

Back 21

Laws passed in 1774 to punish Boston for Tea Party

Front 22

The Jewel in the Crown

Back 22

Indian considered jewel in crown of British Govt.

Front 23

Karl Marx

Back 23

German philosopher who discovered communist thoery

Front 24

Maxim Guns

Back 24

First automatic machine gun that gave Europeans a huge advantage when fighting Africans

Front 25

Meiji Restoration

Back 25

Young leaders set Japan on the path to centralization, industrialization, and imperialism

Front 26

Monroe Doctrine

Back 26

American foreign policy opposing interference in W. Hemisphere from outside powers

Front 27

Muhammad Ali (Egypt)

Back 27

Turkish ruler of Egypt who won independence of Egypt from Ottomans in early 1800s

Front 28

Muslim League

Back 28

1906 Muslim organization to protect interests against British Rule

Front 29

Napoleon Bonaparte

Back 29

Overthrew French in 1799 and became emperor in 1804. Defeated and died by British in 1815

Front 30

Open Door Policy

Back 30

Policy proposed in 1899 by US, so that everybody could equally trade in China

Front 31

Opium Wars

Back 31

Wars fought for the drug, Opium, because China craved it

Front 32

Panama Canal

Back 32

Shortened sea voyage between E and W coasts of North America

Front 33

The Raj

Back 33

British Dominion over India (1757-1947)

Front 34

Reign of Terror

Back 34

the historic period (1793-94) during the French Revolution when thousands were executed

Front 35

Cecil Rhodes

Back 35

Born in 1853, played a major political and economic role in colonial South Africa. He was a financier, statesman, and empire builder with a philosophy of mystical imperialism.

Front 36

Rudyard Kipling

Back 36

(1864-1936) English writer and poet; defined the "white man's burden" as the duty of European and Euro-American peoples to bring order and enlightenment to distant lands

Front 37

Russification

Back 37

the process of forcing Russian culture on all ethnic groups in the Russian empire

Front 38

Scramble for Africa

Back 38

Term given for the rapid invasion of Africa by the various European powers. This began imperialism in Africa.

Front 39

Seven Years War (French and India)

Back 39

Fought between Great Britain and France over territory, often considered to be the first world war because it involved most of the globe.

Front 40

Social Darwism

Back 40

The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion.

Front 41

Spanish American War

Back 41

In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence

Front 42

Suez Canal

Back 42

A canal linking the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea. It was a vital trade route in the British Empire during imperialism, and continues to link North Africa and Europe to Asia today.

Front 43

Taiping Rebellion

Back 43

The most destructive civil war before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire.

Front 44

Unequal Treaties

Back 44

treaties between China and the Western powers after the Opium War that vastly favored the Western powers

Front 45

Otto von Bismarck

Back 45

German statesman under whose leadership Germany was united (1815-1898)

Front 46

Young Turks Party

Back 46

A Turkish revolutionary nationalist reform party, officially known as the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), whose leaders led a rebellion against the Ottoman sultan and effectively ruled the Ottoman Empire from 1908 until shortly before World War I.

Front 47

Absolute Monarch

Back 47

Monarchical form of government in which the monarch has absolute power among his or her people. An absolute monarch wields unrestricted political power over the sovereign state and its people.

Front 48

Capital

Back 48

wealth in the form of money or property owned by a person or business and human resources of economic value

Front 49

Cartel

Back 49

a consortium of independent organizations formed to limit competition by controlling the production and distribution of a product or service

Front 50

Communism

Back 50

a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.

Front 51

Doctrine

Back 51

a belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or schoo

Front 52

Domestic

Back 52

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation; involving the home or family

Front 53

Emancipation

Back 53

freeing someone from the control of another (e.g. Emancipation Proclamation)

Front 54

Enlightenment

Back 54

a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions; education that results in understanding and the spread of knowledge

Front 55

Estates-General

Back 55

France's traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. The calling of the Estates General in 1789 led to the French Revolution.

Front 56

Imperialism

Back 56

A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically.

Front 57

Indemnity

Back 57

legal exemption from liability for damages

Front 58

Industrial Revolution

Back 58

the change from an agricultural to an industrial society and from home manufacturing to factory production, especially the one that took place in England from about 1750 to about 1850

Front 59

Labor Union

Back 59

Organization of workers for the purpose of increased lobbying power for benefits and wages; created to defend the interests of the members

Front 60

Leisure

Back 60

freedom provided by the cessation of activities; time free from work or duties

Front 61

Marxism

Back 61

the economic and political theories of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels that hold that human actions and institutions are economically determined and that class struggle is needed to create historical change and that capitalism will ultimately be replaced

Front 62

Rural

Back 62

living in or characteristic of farming or country life

Front 63

Trade Union

Back 63

a labor union of craftspeople or workers in related crafts, as distinguished from general workers or a union including all workers in an industry.

Front 64

Wage Labor

Back 64

a labor union of craftspeople or workers in related crafts, as distinguished from general workers or a union including all workers in an industry.