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85 Cards in this Set
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Ignatius of Loyola
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He thought about the past life of jesus. Gathered followers and the pope created a religious order for the followers called the society of jesus, the followers were known as jesuits.
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John Knox
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a scottish preacher who put Calvin's ideas to work. His followers became know as presbyterians.
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Thomas Moore
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tried to show a better model of society. Wrote a book called Utopia where he showed an imaginary land.
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Henry VIII
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Catholic King of England who takes the popes power away,m annuls marriage, and kids mess up the throne when they come to power.
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Gutenberg
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Invented the printing press
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Calvin
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Believed ideal government was theocracy, took over Geneva and started calvinism there.
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Indulgences
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a pardon; released sinners from performing the penalty the priest imposed for sins. You had to buy them.
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Printing Press
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could print hundreds of copies of one single work
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Renaissance man
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a man who excelled in many fields
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Peace of Augsburg
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Princes agreed that each ruler would decide the religion of his state.
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Vernacular
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native language
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renaissance
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rebirth of art and learning form 1300-1600
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Reformation
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a movement for religious reform
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Shah Jahan
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could not tolerate competition and secured his throne by assassinating all of his possible rivals.
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Jahangir
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left the affairs of the state to his wife
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Safavids
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a member of the Shi'a Muslim dynasty, built an empire in persia
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Devershime System
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in the ottoman empire, the policy of taking boys from conquered christian peoples to be trained as muslim soldiers.
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Taj Mahal
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beautiful tomb in Agra, India built by Shan Janhan for his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
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Decline of the Safafids and Ottoman empires
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Both King the same mistake by blinding/killing their ablest sons, so there was no successor.
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Cultural Blending in the ottoman empire
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Cultural Blending leads to change in language, religion, styles of government, and military tactics.
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Prince Henry
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Son of Portugal's kings, dream of overseas exploration. Founded school of Navigation.
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Vasco de Gama
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Portuguese explorer that began exploring the coast, reached the port of calicut, found portugal a direct sea route to India and to many spices and goods.
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Tokugawa Ieausu
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unified japan
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Zheng He
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Chinese muslim led 7 large voyages. Distributed gifts everywhere to show chinese superiority, then china went into isolation.
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Hongwu
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Peasants son who commanded the rebel army that drove Mongols out of China. Became first Ming Emperor when he died it lead to a power struggle and his son Yongolo took over.
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Dias
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Portuguese explorar went far down the coast of Africa until he and his crew reached the tip. Went home because of the storm.
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Caravel
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Triangular sail that makes it easier to sail against wind.
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Treaty of Tordesillas
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Treaty that Spain and Portugal signed to honor the line dividing them.
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Korea (vassal state)
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remained independent, existed in china's shadow confusion principaled government koreans organized.
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Haiku
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Japanese form of poetry consisting of 3 lines. 5, 7, 5 syllables.
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Kabuki
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type of Japanese drama in which music, dance, and mime are used to present stories.
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Daimyo
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Japanese Feudal lord who maned private army of samurai
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Spices
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Islands are full of them
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Reason's china did not become industrialized
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because they were self sufficient and did not need the british
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Japan's closed country policy
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Sealed Japan's borders
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1st Europeans to arrive on japanese soil
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Shipwrecked Portuguese sailors washed upon the shores of southern Japan. Portuguese merchants.
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Portugal and Sailing innovations
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Created carvel, sextant, compass, and more navigation intruments
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Cortes
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Spaniard who landed on the shores of mexico. Colonized the Caribbean Islands and looked in America mainland for new lands for Spain.
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Pizarro
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Spanish conquistador marched a small force into south america and conquered the Incan Empire.
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Columbus
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Genoese sea captain who made a daring voyage for Spain, instead of sailing south around Africa and then east he sailed west around Africa and then east.
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Vespucci
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an Italian in the service of portugal who traveled along the eastern coast of south america. He claimed land in the "new" world, not Asia
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Mercantilism
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Nations of Europe adopted a new economic policy that held a countries power depended mainly on its wealth.
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Economic Activity: New France
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Didn't want a community. They only cared about money; depended on fur trade.
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Encomienda System
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system where natives farmed, ranched, or mined for spanish landlords.
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The Dutch: New Netherlands
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The dutch holdings in north america that encouraged settlers by opening its doors to a variety of people.
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Difference in slavery in the americas vs. other countries
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More harsh in the americas
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Atlantic Slave trade
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Buying and selling of Africans for work in the americas
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Affect on Africa
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9.5 Mil: Africa--> Americas
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1st country to import slaves
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Spain
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Affect of the loss of Natives to disease
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No more slaves to work. Need for slaves from africa.
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Peter the great
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Westernized Russia
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Ivan the Terrible
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Came to power when he was 3 years old. Thought that the boyars poisoned his wife so he organized his own police force to hunt down and murder them.
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Maria Theresa
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Inherited the Austrian throne and enemy was prussia. Guaranteed a peaceful reign.
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Fredrick II
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King of Prussia who softened his father laws
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English Bill of rights
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Parliament drafted it to make clear limits of power.
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Restoration
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Charles II restored the monarchy
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Versailles Palace
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Louis XIV built this palace to prove his absolute power, it also made him a patronage of the arts.
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Edict of Nantes
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declaration of religious tolerance.
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Glorious Revolution
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Bloodless overthrow of king james II, William and Mary took the throne
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Boyars
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Russia landowning nobles
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War of Austrian Succession
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Between Austria (Maria Theresa) and Prussian (Frederick the great) overland.
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Divine Right
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the idea that god created the monarchy and that a monarch acted as god's representative on earth.
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St. Petersburg
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The seaport Peter made to make it easier to travel to the west
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Czar
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a ruler
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Thirty years war
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a conflict over religion and territory and for power among European ruling families.
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Russian Economy
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Used potatoes, started newspaper, raised woman's status, western fashions, heavy tax, and education
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Absolutism
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Politic Belief that one ruler should hold all of the power within boundaries of a country.
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Frederick II
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ruled Russia, favored to end serfdom, gave nobles absolute power and expanded empire into western poland
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Copernicus
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Formed heliocentric theory
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Bacon
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Thought Scientists should reject old assumptions and ideas and try something new
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Newton
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Law of graviton/theory of motion
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Montesquieu
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Separation of powers, checks, and balences
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Locke
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Life, Liberty, and property. Positive view of human nature, believed people learned from experience
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Diderot encyclopedia
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for many scholars
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Galileo
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Published Starry Messenger, telescope, and supported Copernicus's theory.
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Declaration of independence
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written by thomas jefferson based on ideas of locke and the enlightment
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Articles of confederation
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created a weak government and only had 1 branch of congress
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American Revolution causes
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navigation act, enlightenment, boston tea party, and french and indian war/Lexington and concord
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Heliocentric Theory
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Theory formed by copernicus that everything revolved around the sun
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Geocentric theory
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Theory formed by Aristotle and Ptolmey that everything revolved around the earth.
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Philosophers
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social critics in this time that reformed
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Baroque Style
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style of european art which was characterized by a grand ornate style
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Neoclassical Style
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simple and elegant style from Greece and rome "new classical"
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Treaty of Paris, 1783
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recognition of American independence, established american boundaries contenetial congress
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Scientific Revolution
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a new way of thinking about the natural world
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