World History Midterm

Front 1

The Swiss city-state of Geneva became a model of Protestant morality under the leadership of

Back 1

john calvin

Front 2

What was the result of the Peace of Augsburg in 1555?

Back 2

allowed princes to decide what religion would be followed in their land

Front 3

Anabaptists believed that infants should not be _____________ because infants are too young to accept the Christian faith.

Back 3

baptized

Front 4

Humanist scholars differed from medieval thinkers in that humanists tended to focus more on _______________ subjects.

Back 4

worldly

Front 5

The purpose of the Council of Trent was to direct the reform of the_______.

Back 5

catholic church

Front 6

Unlike Francis Bacon, René Descartes believed that the best road to understanding was through ______________.

Back 6

human reasoning

Front 7

n the 1600s, Robert Boyle’s work transformed the field of

Back 7

chemistry

Front 8

The age of great change marked by renewed interest in classical learning and the arts is called the

Back 8

renaissance

Front 9

What humanist of Northern Europe wrote about his vision of an ideal society, in which people live in peace and harmony?

Back 9

sir thomas moore

Front 10

The inventor who perfected the microscope and was the first person to see cells and microorganisms was
_____________

Back 10

Anton van Leeuwenkoek

Front 11

The calculations of astronomer Johannes Kepler showed that the planets move around the sun in ______

Back 11

an oval shaped orbit

Front 12

What was the primary event that trigged the formation of the Church of England?
____________

Back 12

King Henry wanted a divorce

Front 13

The main goal of the Jesuits was to _____, ______, and _______ the Catholic faith.

Back 13

defend___, ___restore___, and ____ spread

Front 14

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a possible ______________________ to be tested.

Back 14

explanation

Front 15

The Line of Demarcation divided world trade and exploration rights between the _______
and the ______.

Back 15

___Spanish____ and _portugese___

Front 16

Who were the Boers? ____________

Back 16

dutch farmers who settled around Cape Town

Front 17

In Ming China, European traders paid for Chinese silks and porcelains in gold or silver instead of exchanging trade goods because the Chinese did not want inferior European _________.

Back 17

trade goods

Front 18

After the Japanese, and later the Manchus, invaded Korea, the Koreans responded by ______

Back 18

excluding foreigners

Front 19

When the first European traders arrived in the 1500s, the Japanese responded by ______ trade with the West.

Back 19

welcoming

Front 20

The first Europeans to challenge Portuguese domination of Asian trade were the

Back 20

Dutch

Front 21

The voyage to Calicut by Vasco da Gama soon led to the creation of a vast trading empire for

Back 21

Portugal

Front 22

How did Portuguese explorer Bartholomeu Dias seek a sea route to Asia in 1460?

Back 22

he rounded the southern tip of africa

Front 23

The islands that Christopher Columbus explored in his voyage in 1492 later became known as the

Back 23

spice islands

Front 24

In 1513, Spanish adventurer Vasco Núñez de Balboa reached the Pacific Ocean by traveling _________

Back 24

Overland through Panama

Front 25

Europeans usually acquired African captives for the slave trade by relying on ____
____________ to bring captives to African ports.

Back 25

african traders

Front 26

To rule China effectively after seizing Beijing in 1644, the Manchus _____ the Confucian system of government.

Back 26

accepted

Front 27

when the Mughal empire weakened, British and French armies fought for power in India with the help of Indian troops known as

Back 27

sepoys

Front 28

Why did Japanese shoguns turn against foreign traders in the mid-1500s? Because they saw foreigners as a threat after ___________ seized the _____________.

Back 28

___spain_____ ______phillipines__________.

Front 29

The Ming rulers allowed limited trade with Europeans under the condition that the Europeans would
___________________at the end of the trading season.

Back 29

leave

Front 30

To conquer the Aztec empire, Hernán Cortés _____ ______________ with conquered people who hated the Aztecs.

Back 30

___formed ___ _____alliances_________

Front 31

The conquistador who added the lands of the present-day countries of Peru, Ecuador, and Chile to the Spanish empire was _________________________.

Back 31

Francisco Pizarro______________.

Front 32

At the top of Spanish colonial society were the _______.

Back 32

______Peninsulares________

Front 33

Through the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494, _______ claimed its empire of Brazil.

Back 33

_____Portugal____

Front 34

The English colonies of Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Maryland were mainly set up as havens for ____________ _____________groups.

Back 34

______persicuted______ _______religious______

Front 35

The first leg of the triangular trade route brought _____________ goods to ________.

Back 35

__european______ goods to ____africa_

Front 36

Widespread inflation struck Europe in the mid-1500s due to the increasing amounts of _____ and ____ from the Americas.

Back 36

silver & gold

Front 37

What mercantilist policy was designed to protect local industries from foreign competition? _____ increased the _______ of imported goods.

Back 37

_Tariffs___ increased the ____Price___

Front 38

The Spanish king maintained strict control over his empire through his _____ of the
___ in Spain that monitored colonial officials.

Back 38

___council____ of the
_____indies_____

Front 39

In Spanish colonial society, creoles were ________ ______________of Spanish settlers.

Back 39

native born_________ _______descendents

Front 40

To ensure that its colonies would be profitable, Spain established _______ _____ ______ for its colonies.

Back 40

__strict____ trade ____laws_

Front 41

In 1607, the English established their first permanent colony in the Americas at ________

Back 41

jamestown Va

Front 42

As a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1763, Britain gained ______ and all ____ lands east of the Mississippi River.

Back 42

____canada_____ .... _____France's_____

Front 43

Spain tried to change its American colonies with the New Laws of the Indies in 1542 which forbade the _____________ and __________ of Native Americans.

Back 43

abuse and enslavement

Front 44

The Mayflower Compact set out guidelines for governing the ____________

Back 44

plymouth colony

Front 45

In their effort to gain control of the Incas, the Spanish _____ the Inca ruler Atahualpa.

Back 45

killed/ransomed